The hip joint is protected by a powerful muscular system, so that its dislocations are very rare.
Causes and classification of hip dislocations
A dislocation of the hip joint can occur due to a fall from a high altitude or a very strong impact. The most vulnerable to this type of injury are people of advanced age.
A dislocation of the hip joint prosthesis can also occur, which is one of the possible postoperative complications after replacement of an artificial joint. This is due to the fact that the functionality of the prosthesis is much lower than the present joint, and some careless movements can lead to its dislocation.
In addition to traumatic, there is a congenital dislocation of the hip joint (one-sided and two-sided), which is often associated with intrauterine fetal pathologies or birth trauma. This type of dislocation should be considered separately.
The dislocation of the hip joint in adults is divided into the following forms:
- front (front and front);
- Rear (rear and back).
Symptoms of dislocation of the hip joint:
- sharp pain in the joint region;
- deformation of the hip joint;
- shortening of the limb on the injured side;
- sharp restriction of movements;
- forced position of the limb depending on the form of the dislocation.
Treatment of dislocation of the hip joint
Such an injury requires urgent hospitalization in a hospital. During transport, care must be taken to ensure that the victim is immobile. After the examination, an X-ray examination or MRI of the hip joint is mandatory.
As with the other types of dislocations, the treatment of dislocation of the hip joint provides, first of all, to direct the bone to its normal position. In this case, such manipulation is carried out under general anesthesia and with the use of muscle relaxants - drugs that relax the muscles. Several methods can be used to correct the dislocation.
After this, immobilization of all the major joints of the limb is performed (skeletal traction is imposed) for a period of about a month.
Rehabilitation after dislocation of the hip joint
At the end of the rehabilitation period, the patient can move with crutches, and then, until the lameness disappears,
- massage;
- physiotherapeutic procedures;
- therapeutic physical training.
It takes 2 to 3 months to restore the hip joint.
Consequences of non-compliance with all recommendations after dislocation of the hip joint can be degenerative changes in the joint tissue and the development of chronic pain in the thigh and coxarthrosis.