Sebaceous glands are present on the entire body, including, and near the eyes. In the case of violations of their work, a dense knot arises - a halyazion of the upper eyelid or lower one. Education of a small size is not too dangerous, whereas large cysts must be treated.
Halyazion - signs
At the primary stages, the disease has a weak effect. When palpation in the upper eyelid, a small knot is measured, the size of millet grain. If after 2-3 weeks haljazion does not resolve itself, it begins to increase, reaching the diameter of a large pea, and is visible visually. Usually the cyst does not hurt and does not affect the visual acuity, but, in case of infection, the formation becomes inflamed, which leads to eyelid deformation, pressure on the eyeball and causes a cutting pain. Around the nodule, the skin is mobile, hyperemic, there is swelling, in the center there is a rounded section of yellow-gray color.
Halyazion of the upper eyelid - causes
The main provoking factor is blockage of the duct of the sebaceous gland. Inside it begins to accumulate a thick secret around which a dense capsule forms. So far, it has not been established why the consistency of the secretions of the gland becomes less liquid than it should be. Some ophthalmologists associate this with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, colitis, dysbacteriosis, biliary dyskinesia, pancreatitis ).
Other reasons for the appearance of haljazion:
- inflammatory diseases of the eyelids ( blepharitis , demodecosis, barley, meibomitis);
- frequent mechanical trauma of eye tissues (false eyelashes, contact lenses, substandard cosmetics);
- allergic reactions (conjunctivitis, pollinosis).
Halyazion of the upper eyelid - treatment
Therapy of a neoplasm depends on the size, prescription of its development and the presence or absence of inflammation of the cyst.
The small size of the nodule without infection can eliminate it with the help of medications. Most often, ophthalmologists prescribe hydrocortisone, dexamethasone or yellow mercury eye ointment in combination with the regular administration of disinfectant antiseptic drops. Physiotherapeutic procedures, such as eyelid massage, UHF, warm compresses, short-term laser heating, electrophoresis are also effective.
If the above-mentioned methods are inadequate, injections (directly in haljazion) with corticosteroid preparations, for example, dexamethasone or Kenalog solution, should be used. These drugs contribute to the rapid resorption of small cysts, although the capsule remains inside the sebaceous gland.
It is worth noting that the course of the inflammatory process is a contraindication to any physiotherapy with warming, as this can cause spontaneous rupture of the tumor and abscess. In such situations, antibiotic treatment is first conducted under the guidance of a physician.
How to treat haljazion of the upper eyelid with the help of surgery?
Surgical or laser cyst extraction is considered to be the most effective way to get rid of the nodule, because removal of the halazion is performed together with the capsule, which prevents the recurrence of the disease.
The operation is performed with the introduction of an anesthetic injection in the area near the formation. Within 20-30 minutes the cyst is opened, its contents are carefully eliminated along with the surrounding tissues. After this, seams are applied and a tight bandage over the eyes. Prevention of wound infection is the use of anti-inflammatory drops or ointments within 5-6 days after surgery.