Incontinence is a common urogynecological problem. According to medical statistics, more than 30% of women of mature and advanced age suffer from urinary incontinence. This ailment provokes serious mental, emotional disorders, leads to self-isolation from society and depressive states.
Types of urinary incontinence
The basic classification provides for two forms of incontinence:
- False - involuntary leakage of urine on the background of genetic or acquired defects, injuries of the withdrawal system.
- True - incontinence in the absence of damage to the bladder.
Additionally, the pathology under consideration is differentiated according to the factors that cause it. For correct treatment it is important to find out why urinary incontinence progresses in women - the causes and treatment of the disease depend on each other. Sometimes you just need to eliminate one external factor to solve the problem. There are the following types of incontinence:
- Stress incontinence. It is observed against the background of increased intra-abdominal pressure, for example, when coughing, sneezing, physical activity. The person does not feel urge to urinate. More often this form is diagnosed in smokers and elderly women.
- Urgent incontinence of urine. With this type of disease, there is an urgent need to go to the toilet, which can not be tolerated. The bladder may not even be filled. Such urges arise very often, at least 1 time per 1-1.5 hours.
- Mixed incontinence. There are symptoms of both stressful and urgent type of pathology.
- The paradoxical incontinence of urine. It progresses due to the existing diseases of the excretory system, characterized by a strong stretching of the bladder.
- Transit flow. This is a temporary incontinence that occurs after exposure to external conditions (alcohol intoxication, hypothermia, and others) and ceases when they are eliminated.
Urinary incontinence in women - causes
Specialists distinguish 3 main factors provoking the described pathology. Urinary incontinence is the cause:
- hormonal changes;
- local sensitivity disorders and anatomical organ structure disorders;
- diseases of the nervous system (central and peripheral), trauma.
Urinary incontinence in pregnancy
During gestation, many future mothers face this problem. Urinary incontinence in women during pregnancy is associated with endocrine imbalances, and with changes in anatomy. The uterus constantly grows and expands, as a result of which neighboring internal organs are squeezed, muscles lose tonus and stretch. More often in expectant mothers there is nocturnal incontinence, especially in later periods, when a woman does not have time to react to the urge to go to the toilet. The risk of "leaking" increases with high activity of the child, intense stirring of the legs.
Urinary incontinence after childbirth
This condition is diagnosed in most young mothers, even when choosing a caesarean section . Involuntary discharge of urine in women after childbirth occurs for several reasons:
- violation of innervation and circulation of the pelvic floor muscles;
- trauma of the birth canal and urinary system;
- change in anatomy;
- hormonal imbalance ;
- Functional disorder of the urethral sphincter;
- pathological mobility of the urethra.
Young mothers note incontinence when coughing, laughing, sneezing, minimal physical and emotional stress. If you do not perform timely and effective treatment, the problem will begin to rapidly increase and the disease will worsen. The result can be irreversible incontinence, which will be difficult to eliminate even surgically.
Urinary incontinence in elderly women
The main reason for the appearance of this problem in old age is considered to be menopause. Hormonal rearrangement is accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of estrogens, responsible for the elasticity of tissues and the production of collagen. There are atrophic changes in the epithelium of the cervix and urethra, muscle tone deteriorates. As a result, the blocking sphincter does not work, and spontaneous urinary excretion in women is observed.
Sometimes the role of provoking factors is acute and chronic diseases of the nervous or excretory system. It is necessary to undergo qualified diagnostics and find out why urinary incontinence has occurred in women - the causes and treatment of incontinence are closely interrelated. Hypertension of the muscles can cause strokes, inferior tissue of the pelvic floor, Parkinson's disease and other ailments.
Urinary incontinence - treatment
Therapy of the presented pathology consists in elimination of the factors provoking the disease. There are several ways how to treat urinary incontinence in women:
- taking medications;
- performance of special exercises;
- phytotherapy;
- surgical intervention.
Urinary incontinence in women - treatment with pills
The appointment of pharmacological agents is performed only by a urologist or gynecologist. The causes of this problem are different for all, therefore, tablets for incontinence in women are selected depending on the factors that caused incontinence. Before the start of therapy, a thorough examination is carried out to ensure that there are no contraindications and no risk of side effects. The timely use of tablets often helps to completely eliminate urinary incontinence in women, the treatment may include the following symptomatic medications:
- Driptan;
- Vesicar;
- Sibutin;
- Betmiga;
- Zeusin;
- Spazmeks;
- Urotol;
- Mirabegron;
- Vitaprost;
- Pantogam;
- Imipramine;
- Detruzitol;
- Pantokaltsin.
The success of the conservative approach depends on what caused incontinence in women - the causes and treatment are directly related. Therapy is always based on the use of basic drugs from several groups:
- hormones;
- anti-inflammatory drugs;
- antibiotics;
- nefromimetiki;
- antidepressants ;
- sedatives;
- neuroleptics and other medications.
Exercises for urinary incontinence
There is a gymnastics aimed at training the muscles of the pelvic floor. It helps to improve the elasticity of tissues and increase control of their tone and relaxation. The most effective are Kegel exercises for women with urinary incontinence:
- Alternately, contract and relax the muscles of the pelvis, lingering in each state for 3 seconds. Run 10 times, repeat 3-4 times a day.
- Actions are identical to the previous point, but the contractions and relaxation should be done as quickly as possible within 20-30 seconds. Repeat 2-4 times a day.
- Moderately tug, as with defecation or childbirth, within 10-15 seconds. Relax and repeat the exercise. To make 5 approaches 3-4 times a day.
Urinary incontinence - treatment with folk remedies
Phytotherapy is sometimes included in a complex scheme to combat incontinence. It is not an effective way to treat incontinence, if used without medication and special gymnastics. Folk recipes are recommended as an auxiliary and maintenance therapy, when the positive result obtained must be secured.
Universal collection of urinary incontinence
Ingredients :
- yarrow - 70 g;
- the root of the althea is 100 g;
- leaves of nettle - 100 g;
- water - 500 ml.
Preparation, application
- Connect all components.
- Place 2 tbsp. spoon collection in a thermos bottle and pour half a liter of boiling water.
- Insist 8 hours, it is better to cook in the evening.
- In the morning strain the medicine.
- Drink infusion during the day in small portions.
Collection for pregnant women and young mothers
Ingredients :
- St. John's Wort - 70 g;
- crap - 100 g;
- gryazhnik - 100 g;
- water - 0.5 liters.
Preparation, application
- Grind and mix vegetable raw materials.
- Pour 2 tbsp. spoons of the preparation with boiling water.
- Insist the remedy under the closed lid for 2 hours.
- Strain the solution.
- Drink 100 ml of infusion 4-5 times a day.
Urinary incontinence - operation
In most cases, conservative therapy helps to get rid of an unpleasant symptom. Less often it is not possible to cure incontinence, what to do in such situations, the surgeon will tell. Modern doctors practice minimally invasive surgical interventions that involve minimal trauma and rapid rehabilitation. The main factors influencing the choice of the procedure to eliminate urinary incontinence in women - the causes and severity, the treatment is in one of the types of surgical manipulations:
- Colporaphia - suturing the vagina.
- Injections of preparations forming a volume - injections of Teflon paste, auto-fat, collagen.
- Slingovye operations - the formation of synthetic materials loop under the neck of the bladder, holding it in the correct position.
- Colposuspension - stitching of tissues around the urethra to the inguinal ligaments.
Pads for urinary incontinence
Even during effective treatment, women suffer the symptoms of incontinence. To involuntary allocation of urine is not the cause of isolation from society and restraint, special urological pads will be required, having increased thickness and length. Quality brands:
- MoliMed;
- Tena;
- SeniLady;
- Abri-San;
- Euron;
- Depend;
- Vuokkoset and others.