The psychology of health is a whole discipline that studies the psychological causes of health, the means and methods of its saving, stabilization and formation. At the heart of this young but rapidly developing industry lies the relationship between the state at the physical level and the state at the psychological level. In a broader sense, this science is designed to expand the possibilities of perception and adaptation of a person in his life environment.
Psychosomatics of health - psychology
Everyone knows the expression "all diseases from nerves". The more a person is exposed to stress, the more often his heart beats, blood pressure rises. Scientists from this area study the dependence of the physical state of health or illness on psychological, cultural and behavioral factors. According to medical psychologists, health is not only the result of biochemical processes in the body, but also psychological, connected with thoughts and beliefs, habits, ethnicity, etc.
The psychology of health and disease aims to raise the level of psychological culture and communication culture, to determine the ways and conditions for the implementation of their goals, so that a person can open all his spiritual and creative potential, that is, live life to the fullest extent possible. Psychological health is determined by two signs:
- Maintain in its life the principle of the "golden mean".
- Effectively adapt in society.
Criteria of a person's mental health
Among the existing criteria, the main ones are:
- The constancy and identity of one's inner self, the realization that the mental and physical criteria are the same.
- Identical and constant experience in the same situations.
- Psychological criteria of health - a critical attitude to yourself and your psychological activity and to its results.
- Correspondence of the psychic reaction to the influence of the environment and social circumstances.
- The ability to control oneself as required by social norms, laws and regulations.
- Ability to make plans and implement them.
- The ability to change their behavior in accordance with how life situations and circumstances change.
Psychology of female health
The problems and diseases of the fair sex have a psychological nature. If life experience was negative, if from the childhood the girl observed constant quarrels of parents, violence, cruelty, bad habits at the father and mother, she can not accept herself, reject and hate her essence. The psychology of human health is such that any emotions, a view of the world and one's own character are immediately reflected in the physical state. As a result, a woman falls into depression, experiences failures in her personal life and, as a result, suffers from various ailments.
Occupational Health Psychology
Qualitative professional activity is closely connected with the health of the employee. It determines the final result of the activity, and at the same time it depends on the type of labor. The psychology of individual health can both improve and deteriorate under the influence of professional activity. Therefore, it is very important to create ideal conditions for work, to establish a harmonious background in the team, which will reduce the risk of professional burnout and increase effectiveness. This is what scientists do, conducting numerous studies and suggesting ways to solve the problems that arise at work.
Social psychology of health
Human behavior is determined by the level, quality, way and style of his life. Social support plays an important role in this, because when a person falls, the person has to overcome stress situations alone. Such assistance can come from the state and individual citizens. It is also a barrier between stressful situations and its consequences. Social psychology and the problem of health dough are interrelated.
If a person is attached to someone, has the opportunity to educate, have reliable partners, receive confirmation of their importance, then the level of his morbidity falls. The factors of the social family include marriage and family, colleagues, but if the support of these people is negative, that is, the reference group will be unfavorable, then the susceptibility to diseases will increase.
Psychology of harmony and health
Psychologists are looking for ways to identify the behavior and experiences that will contribute to better health, including appearance. They are developing strategies to improve daily nutrition in order to strengthen health and provide prevention of obesity . In this they were helped to study the relationship between the disease and individual characteristics, for example, such personality characteristics as anxiety, suspiciousness, depression on the one hand, and overeating on the other.
The psychology of health and sport tends to change people's behavior and help them stay healthy and at the same time adhere to a rational eating pattern. Programs are being developed and launched that allow people to believe in their own strengths and change the habitual way of life. Raising their level of education, scientists are trying to use people to prevent obesity. After all, it's easier to cope with a disease when it is discovered early.