Basic forms of thinking

Each person is unique, but a common feature for all is the ability to think. Unlike other processes, the comprehension of any events occurs in accordance with the logic . In psychology, several types and forms of thinking are distinguished, among which one can find the basic and rarely used classifications. For example, thinking can be divided into masculine, feminine, free, logical, rational and many other categories, but most often you have to operate only a few concepts. Therefore, we will consider ways of manifesting a particular species.

Basic forms of logical thinking

Any process of comprehension has its own structure, if we pay attention to logical operations, then we can distinguish the following:

• comparison - the establishment of similarities (differences) between objects;
• analysis - consideration of each separate part of the general situation;
• synthesis - restoration of the overall picture of the constituent parts;
• abstraction - attention only to the essential characteristics of the subject and the departure from the insignificant;
• generalization - the composition of objects in groups according to their characteristics.

The structure of judgments expressed is characterized by ways of manifestation of thinking. The main forms of rational thinking are judgments, concepts and conclusions.

Concepts reflect the essential properties of objects by which they can be grouped together. Under the essential mean those qualities that will allow to accurately distinguish an object from others. This form of manifestation reflects the generalized knowledge of a person about a phenomenon or object.

The next of the basic forms of abstract logical thinking is judgment. It is a mapping of the connections between objects, the relationships between features and properties. Judgment can be general, with respect to a group of objects, or private, with respect to some phenomenon. This form allows us to disclose the content of concepts, it is not for nothing that it is considered that the ability to express a correct and well-grounded judgment about an object is evidenced by an understanding of its essence.

The third of the basic forms of rational thinking is inference, which becomes the logical continuation of judgment. Analyzing and comparing different opinions about the subject, a person makes his own conclusion. Basically for their reception two methods are used - inductive and deductive. And to make the most objective opinion requires the application of both methods.