Sigmund Freud (better to pronounce "Freud") - a well-known Austrian psychiatrist and psychoneurologist was engaged in a detailed study of a person's personality.
Theory of the unconscious
Sigmund Freud is the founder of the theory and practice of psychoanalysis, the core of this doctrine is the concept of the unconscious. The basis of the theory of personality , created by Freud, proposes a three-level structural model. According to the general scheme, the personality is a collection of the Subconscious ("It"), Consciousness ("I") and Super-Consciousness ("Super-I"). Any feelings, thoughts, aspirations, actions and actions of a person are conditioned by the work of his subconscious, which is the most ancient and powerful department of the human psyche, therefore in it the irrational and timeless reigns. Here, as if the light does not burn. It is assumed that the two main driving forces in the development and life of the individual are the Libido ("The Striving for Life") and Mortido ("The Striving for Death" - the notion of Mortido was not developed by Freud himself, but accepted by him).
Between the three parts of the personality (in other words, the levels or parts of the psyche) there can be conflicting relationships, which are the source of all the mental problems of man.
How to solve psychological problems?
Fixation and looping on these problems can lead a person to pathological resolution of situations, which becomes habitual for him. And this means that the individual has very serious psychological problems (which in some cases can be considered diseases). To rid people of these problems and treat mental illness is suggested by conducting practical psychoanalytic work that involves diagnostics, including through personal conversations using the method of free associations and treatment with the help of return and new residence of the main psychotrauma events that have influenced the development of the personality and human life. As a result of such events, a person subjected to psychoanalysis is freed from unconscious complexes. He can now start a new life without mental abnormalities and pathological habits.
On this basic part of the original psychoanalysis, Freud's psychosexual theory is based, explaining any relations of people (and not just sexual ones) with subconscious desires and aspirations, which can be well illustrated by ancient Greek myths.
The Meaning of Freud's Theory
Subsequently, Freud's theories were critically rethought by his brightest pupil CG Jung. This fact itself reports the correctness of such a representation in psychoanalysis as "Oedipus complex".
Among other things, Freud owns the allocation of specific phases of psychosexual personality development (including in childhood), the discovery of the protective mechanisms of the psyche, the discovery of the phenomenon of psychological transference and
The ideas and psychological theories of Sigmund Freud had a significant impact on the whole further development of psychology, medicine, psychiatry, and also such fundamental sciences as philosophy, sociology, anthropology. The ideas and views about human nature, proposed by Freud, were for their time revolutionary and innovative. They caused a huge scientific and general cultural resonance, influenced the development of literature and art. At the present time, various neo-Freudian schools are widely represented in theoretical and practical psychology, the root bases go into classical psychoanalysis.