The functioning of the female organism is much more difficult than that of men, since its activity depends on the endocrine balance. For example, the hematopoietic system has a great influence on the hematopoiesis. Therefore, the norm of hemoglobin in women is not always constant and varies periodically depending on the day of the menstrual cycle , the presence of pregnancy.
How is the norm of hemoglobin in the analysis of blood in women determined?
Organic pigment hemoglobin consists of iron and protein. He is responsible not only for giving scarlet blood, but also for transporting oxygen. After the biological fluid is enriched with air in the lungs, oxyhemoglobin is formed. It circulates in the arterial blood, delivering oxygen to the organs and tissues. After the decomposition of the gas molecules, the carboxyhemoglobin contained in the venous biological fluid is obtained.
To determine the norm of hemoglobin in the body, a blood test is done in women, which involves counting the total amount of this organic pigment in the capillaries or veins.
What is the normal level of hemoglobin in the blood of women?
The concentration of the examined component of erythrocytes depends not only on sex, but also on age:
- Thus, for normal women, normal hemoglobin values range from 120 to 140 g / l.
- Slightly high rates are characteristic for smokers (about 150 g / l) and athletes (up to 160 g / l).
- Slightly reduced hemoglobin content is observed in women older than 45-50 years - from 117 to 138 g / l.
It is worth noting that the described values are also influenced by the day of the menstrual cycle. The fact is that during the menstrual period, the female body loses blood and, accordingly, iron. Therefore, immediately after the end of menstruation, the amount of hemoglobin in the fair sex can be reduced by 5-10 units.
The norm of total hemoglobin in the blood of pregnant women
Bearing a baby involves significant changes in the body, affecting both the hormonal background and the hemopoietic system.
In the first trimester of pregnancy, significant fluctuations in hemoglobin concentration should not occur. Typically, the normal values are set in the range from 105 to 150 g / l.
Significant changes in the amount of organic pigment in question occur from the beginning of the second trimester. This is explained by the fact that, with the growth of the fetus, the total volume of circulating blood in the body of the future mother increases by approximately 50%, because the blood system in them with the baby is one for two. But the amount of hemoglobin does not increase, because the bone marrow is not able to produce this organic pigment at increased concentrations. It is also worth noting that the iron contained in the hemoglobin is now spent on the formation of the embryo and the placenta around it. Therefore, future mothers are advised to closely monitor the consumption of iron-containing foods or vitamins with this trace element. After all, when carrying out the needs
Taking into account the above facts, the norms of the described component of red blood cells for pregnant women range from 100 to 130 g / l.
Of course, the exact value of the normal hemoglobin concentration for each future mother is individual and depends on the gestational age, the state of the woman's health, the number of fruits (at 2-5 embryos, hemoglobin is much lower than normal). Also affects the course of gestation, the presence of chronic diseases of the circulatory system and complications of pregnancy.