The healthy state of the thyroid gland is necessary for the correct functioning of the body, but not always the violations immediately become apparent. Often the nodular colloid proliferating goiter is treated with a large growth, which is easily seen.
Colloid goiter of the thyroid gland - what is it?
The problem is an increase in the organ caused by the growth of follicles due to the accumulation of a jelly-like composition. Even a sick person can not always tell what a colloid goiter means, because of the low symptomatology of the initial stage. The danger lies in the failure of hormonal production and the possibility of degeneration of education in malignant.
Diffusive-colloid goiter
This type of lesion is more often detected at a young age. Diffuse colloid goiter of thyroid is characterized by uniform swelling and degeneration of tissues. Unpleasant sensations may not appear for a long time, therefore, the problem is detected at a late stage, when there is a clearly prominent tubercle in the neck, or accidentally, during a regular visit to the doctor.
Nodal colloid goiter
In this type of disorder, colloidal nodes of the thyroid gland are formed. Seals are placed arbitrarily, their number and structure can be different. In some cases, complete replacement of organ tissues is observed. The multinodal colloid goiter of the thyroid gland reports itself with discomfort due to strong influence on nearby tissues, vessels and nerve endings. Due to compression, deterioration of their work begins, ischemic necrosis and hemorrhage are possible.
Colloid-cystic goiter
The predominantly formed nodes are cystic in nature. The prerequisites for this development are hyperplasia, dystrophy or microcirculation. Colloid goiter with cystic degeneration may not manifest itself for a long time, maintaining a stable state, but it can also progress rapidly. Predicting its impact on the body is difficult - improving and reducing hormone production have equal chances. Colloidal nodes in the thyroid gland of this type rarely degenerate into cancer and lead to functional instability of the site.
Colloid goiter - symptoms
At the initial stage of the disease, its symptoms may be absent, especially if a nontoxic colloid goiter is formed. With it, hormones are not produced in excess. The first symptoms look like this:
- compression in the neck;
- hoarse voice;
- sensation of perspiration leading to coughing;
- swallowing difficulties;
- pain in the area of appearance of the node, is typical for its rapid growth;
- external manifestation - a colloid struma appears on the throat like a butterfly or its one wing;
- dizziness and noise;
- lump in the throat ;
- a seal is felt on the neck.
Degrees of goiter
Normal size of the gland is equal to two phalanges of the thumb. The WHO classification distinguishes between the following:
- 0 - the organ is imperceptible externally and is not probed;
- 1 - it is established by palpating;
- 2 - noticeable when viewed.
Sometimes doctors use an outdated classification, which colloid goiter of the 2nd degree determines how the formation is noticeable when swallowing and easily palpable in a calm state. The last degree is the fifth, at which the neck is deformed. Modern standards reject such a gradation, preferring to clearly separate the healthy and affected condition with the help of ultrasound examinations. They provide an opportunity to pinpoint the presence of the problem, reducing the likelihood of subjective evaluation.
Goiter - diagnosis
If you suspect a beginning of the disease, use the following methods to confirm the diagnosis.
- The analysis of a blood - compare the maintenance or contents of hormones T3, 4, TTG and a thyreoglobulin.
- A study of urine - pay attention to the allocation of iodine.
- Ultrasound - helps determine the form of the disease.
- The cytogram of a colloid goiter is performed at the risk of degeneration into a malignant formation, helps to clarify its character.
Independently, iodine deficiency can be determined using a home test. Before bed, apply three strips of iodine solution on the forearm. The first line is thin, and the last - the thickest. If in the morning all the strips disappeared, then the body lacks iodine , and it tries to get it from any sources. The rule is the disappearance the next morning the thinnest band.
Colloid goiter - treatment
There are several ways to get rid of this problem, a specific doctor chooses. The method, how to treat nodular goiter, can radically differ from the therapy of diffuse formation. It is important to get an appointment with an endocrinologist, because other specialists, because of lack of qualification, will write off disturbing symptoms for normal overwork. Two types of treatment are officially used:
- medicamentous;
- surgical.
Cure for thyroid goiter
Work with the disease depends on its type, some options need only observation without the use of special tools. If the problem progresses, there is a multinodal colloid goiter of the thyroid gland, the treatment starts immediately, based on the following approaches.
- Hormonal means. They reduce the production of TSH, reduce the size of the gland and nodes. Colloid goiter is exposed to thyroid drugs, if other methods are considered ineffective.
- Radioactive iodine. The isotope is taken orally, it destroys abnormal tissue growth, restoring the normal appearance and function of the organ.
- Mineral additives (Jodomarin, Iodbalance). They are used as preventive and maintenance therapy, help to normalize the balance of iodine in the body.
Colloid goiter of the thyroid gland - treatment with folk remedies
Natural medicines can be effective at the initial stages, if the nodular colloid goiter of the thyroid gland is diagnosed, they can be used only for support. The main treatment in this case should consist of the doctor's recommendations.
- Honey porridge. In equal proportions, you need to mix honey, melted in a water bath, ground buckwheat and walnuts. Eat on such a portion every three days for 1-3 months.
- Kelp. Due to the high content of iodine, sea kale can prevent colloid goiter. If there is a shortage of a microelement, 30-40 grams a day will suffice. In the case of hyperthyroidism, it should not be used.
- The white carpathian. Two tablespoons of ground raw material should be poured in 500 ml of boiling water. The infusion lasts a day, then it is filtered and taken half the glass four times a day. Eating is allowed in half an hour.
- Cherry branches. They are collected before opening the kidneys in a place far away from the roads and other possible contaminants. Half a liter of boiling water pour 100 grams of raw materials and keep on low heat for 40 minutes. Ready to boil take 2 tablespoons three times a day for 3 weeks.
- Chokeberry ashberry. Ripe berries are ground with an equal amount of sugar and stored in a refrigerator. Twice a day, the dessert spoon of the mixture must be dissolved in a glass of water to produce a curative beverage.
Surgery of goiter
Radical measures are recommended in the following cases:
- An increase of more than 45 ml, which leads to compression of the esophagus and trachea.
- Return of hyperthyroidism after hormonal therapy. The colloid goiter of the thyroid gland, the treatment of which in this way did not lead to the desired results, requires surgical intervention because of the undesirable reception of hormones for more than 2 years. Otherwise, the risk of damage to other systems, especially the liver, is significantly increased.
- Zagrudnii goiter.
- Oncology or suspicion of it.
- Strong negative manifestations after taking medication.
- The formation of an autonomous node, which independently produces hormones in large quantities.
Removal of colloid goiter is performed with endoscopy and minimally invasive techniques, which eliminates the need for cuts. As a result, recovery is faster, visible cosmetic defects do not remain. In other cases, the procedure is performed through a 6-8 cm incision. Cut out can be one or all of the iron. Part resection is no longer performed because of the high probability of relapse and the formation of fibrous tissue around the organ that interferes with the subsequent intervention.