An abstinence syndrome is what people call a hangover. That is, a physical, and often, neurological disorder that occurs after drinking alcohol.
In fact, such a state is possible not only from alcohol. An abstinence syndrome, perhaps, when smoking, drinking alcohol and drugs. In the latter case, it is the strongest. At that, as the abstinent syndrome at smoking often is not appreciable almost.
Abstinence syndrome with smoking
Abstinence syndrome with smoking or nicotine withdrawal usually occurs with complete quitting. It has a physical and psychological basis, which are closely related.
Nicotine excites cholinergic receptors and stimulates the release of adrenaline. As a consequence, the body experiences a kind of physical pleasure. After a while our body demands to repeat the process, which brought him pleasure. In this case, a reflex is formed-a cigarette means pleasure.
The nicotine withdrawal syndrome can be determined by the following features:
- strong desire to smoke a cigarette;
- voltage;
- irritability;
- depression;
- scattering;
- dizziness;
- tremor of hands;
- cough;
- allergic reactions;
- tachycardia;
- ulcers in the oral cavity.
Abstinence syndrome with alcoholism
Abstinence syndrome is a true companion of alcoholism. And for its occurrence, it is not necessary to be avid drinkers. An abstinence syndrome may occur after the first drinking. This is due to the fact that the human body is trying to remove the poison (methyl alcohol) from the body.
But, despite this, as alcohol dependence develops, the withdrawal syndrome and its symptoms become more and more aggravated. For example, in the first stage of alcoholism, the withdrawal syndrome manifests itself in the form of weakness, dry mouth and nervousness. In this case, in the second and third stages, symptoms such as:
- severe pain in the liver;
- trembling of hands;
- violation of coordination of movements;
- problems with urination;
- insomnia;
- exacerbation of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and other diseases;
- convulsions;
- cyanosis;
- blueing of the extremities.
The main feature of the abstinence syndrome is the improvement of health with the use of a small amount of alcohol. It is because of this unusual property that alcoholism has become so frequent.
The duration of the withdrawal syndrome
How long can the abstinence syndrome last? It directly depends on what is caused by abstinence: drugs, alcohol or nicotine. Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal symptoms last for 2-5 days. Usually the longest alcohol abstinence is held by avid drinkers or people suffering from alcoholism. The period of the withdrawal syndrome for smoking and drug addiction is much longer. On average, its duration is from 2 to 4 weeks.
Treatment of withdrawal syndrome
In some cases, abstinence does not require qualified treatment. Cope on their own you can with refusal to smoke or with a weak alcohol withdrawal syndrome. In this case, the most important thing is a conscious rejection of the substance that caused the syndrome.
With drug abstinence and strong alcoholism without the help of a doctor can not do. Qualified treatment can be carried out both permanently and outpatient at home.
Whether it is necessary for the patient to go to the clinic, as the doctor can tell. In practice, specialists often insist on treatment in the clinic.