A newborn child is born with physiological far-sightedness. In childhood, eye diseases are common. Such diseases include hypermetropia (farsightedness) - a kind of violation of refraction, in which the child clearly sees into the distance, but near objects are blurred. As a rule, it persists until the age of seven and can completely disappear as a result of the development of the visual system. In some cases, hyperopia can go into myopia.
Hyperopia of the eye in children: causes
Hyperopia can be caused by the following reasons:
- weak work of the refractive system;
- small size of the eye;
- change the shape of the eyeball;
- heredity.
Degrees of hypermetropia
There are three degrees of farsightedness:
- weak (up to 2 diopters);
- average (2-5 diopters);
- high (more than 5 diopters).
- Hypermetropia of a weak degree in children is the norm due to age development and does not require special correction. When the child grows, the structure of the eye also changes: the eyeball increases in size, the muscles of the eye become stronger, and as a result the image begins to project onto the retina itself. If the farsightedness does not pass before the age of 7, you should consult a pediatric ophthalmologist for the selection of the optimal treatment.
- Hypermetropia of moderate degree in children does not require surgical intervention. The doctor appoints wearing glasses to work at close range, for example, while reading and writing.
- Hypermetropia of high degree in children requires constant correction of eyesight with glasses or with the help of contact lenses.
Hypermetropia in children: treatment
The danger of hypermetropia is the possible subsequent complications in the structure and functioning of the visual system:
- amblyopia (decreased vision on one eye);
- strabismus;
- microphthalmos;
- pseudo-optic disc of the optic nerve;
- positive alpha angle.
Correction of hypermetropia in children is carried out with the help of positive lenses even in the case of diagnosis of a mild degree, provided there is no strabismus. This will avoid the development of complications and visual impairment.
In addition to correction with glasses and lenses, the following methods of treatment and prevention of complications can be used:
- vacuum massage;
- ultrasound therapy;
- magnetic therapy;
- electrostimulation of the eye;
- laser therapy;
- video-computer auto-training.
Such methods of treatment can relieve spasm of accommodation and improve the metabolic process of the eye.
It should be remembered that timely detection and correction of existing eye diseases will save the child's vision.