Hematuria - causes

The presence of an impurity of blood in the urine is called the term "hematuria". Blood can be present in the urine in large quantities, and then it becomes noticeable to the unaided eye (macrohematuria), or in microscopic ones, and then it is detected only when performing a laboratory test (microhematuria). Any amount of blood in the urine is not a variant of the norm. Therefore, if there is even a small hematuria, a medical examination is required.

The macroscopic hematuria can be initial, total and terminal:

1. The initial is associated with the release of blood at the beginning of urination (with urethral involvement).
2. The total is said when all the urine is stained with blood (with ureter, kidney, bladder affected).
3. Terminal - the blood is released at the end of urination (with damage to the back of the urethra, the neck of the bladder).

Causes of hematuria in women

There are many reasons why blood can get into the urine.

1. The most common factors causing hematuria in women are infectious diseases such as cystitis and urethritis. In cystitis, the process of urinary excretion in a woman besides staining urine in pink or red color is accompanied by acute pain and burning.
2. If the hematuria is combined with a febrile condition, then this may indicate the presence of pyelonephritis.
3. Sometimes with urolithiasis there is also a discharge of urine with impurities of blood. In this case, the presence of hematuria is due to the displacement of the stone, which causes trauma to the ureter's mucosa and pelvis. The appearance of blood in the urine in this case is preceded by renal colic. With each new attack, another bleeding occurs, mainly in the form of microhematuria.
4. When hematuria is combined with edema, increased blood pressure, it can be assumed that glomerulonephritis is present.
5. The cause of hematuria can also be tuberculosis of the kidneys. In this case, the patient has constant dull pain in the lower back.
6. There is also a disease such as benign family hematuria. In this case, urine with blood acts as the only symptom that does not give the woman any unpleasant sensations.
7. Hematuria in women can also be explained by the ingestion of blood impurities in urine during menstruation or with certain gynecological diseases.
8. Often, hematuria can occur during pregnancy. But the cause of this phenomenon has not been established to date. It is possible that when the uterus is enlarged, the urinary organs are pinched, which can lead to microscopic trauma in them and, accordingly, the appearance of blood in the urine.