In the struggle for beauty, various means are used, for example, fractional photothermolysis. This technology is very popular. It allows for a short period of time and virtually painless to get rid of many cosmetic problems. Before agreeing to the procedure, you need to read the contraindications.
Fractional photothermolysis - what is it?
This procedure uses a laser. He, during the heating of the skin, causes focal destruction of the cells. During its exposure, the skin gets a thermal burn. The diameter of such damages can vary from 0.1 to 0.4 mm, and the depth is 0.5 mm. Burns are of a point character. Such damage to the epidermis stimulates tissue regeneration and collagen synthesis.
Laser grinding of the fractal does not destroy melanocytes. For this reason, swarthy people do not have hypopigmented spots after photothermolysis. The laser, on the contrary, promotes the redistribution of melanin, which smooths the complexion. Fractional photothermolysis has the following advantages:
- can be used for both young (after 16 years) and fading skin;
- has a wide field of application (eyelids, face, décolleté zone and so on);
- long-lasting effect;
- can be held at any time of the year, including in the summer;
- can be applied for any type of skin.
Ablation fractional photothermolysis
Erbium and CO2 lasers are used for this procedure. When they are applied to the skin, the liquid in the epidermis cells warms up to 300 ° C. As a result, such areas evaporate, and in their place small open wounds are formed, surrounded by thermally coagulated cells. The process of restoring these "zones" takes a long time. Such fractional laser resurfacing is carried out by courses, each of which lasts from 2 to 6 sessions. It gives a tremendous lifting effect. However, when performed, the risk of infection of dermal tissues is high.
Non-ablative fractional photothermolysis
In comparison with the ablation procedure, this manipulation is considered more sparing. Such laser skin resurfacing on a fractional CO2 laser does not violate the integrity of the epidermis: there are no open wounds. The effect of this procedure is less obvious than on ablation, in part this is due to the fact that the decay products are not released outside, but remain in the thickness of the skin. Laser fractional photothermolysis is recommended to be carried out by courses, the duration of which can vary from 4 to 10 procedures. When they are performed, the risk of skin infection is reduced to zero.
Fractional photothermolysis - indications
This cosmetic procedure has a wide range of applications. Fractional photothermolysis treatment of scars carries out, but this is not its only purpose. This procedure helps to solve the following problems:
- increases the tone and elasticity of the skin;
- struggles with hyperpigmentation ;
- eliminates sunny keratosis ;
- removes wrinkles;
- reduces pores;
- helps to get rid of stretch marks on the body;
- removes post-acne .
Fractional photothermolysis - contraindications
Not everyone can enjoy the results of such a procedure. Dermal optical thermolysis has the following contraindications:
- oncological diseases;
- chronic diseases in acute stage;
- skin diseases;
- the inflammatory process occurring in the body;
- mental illness;
- hormonal imbalance ;
- pregnancy;
- lactation period;
- heart failure;
- blood diseases;
- diabetes;
- infectious diseases.
In addition, fractional photothermolysis is prohibited, if recently (less than two weeks ago) mechanical dermabrasion was carried out. After a solarium and sunbathing, such procedures also can not be done. High fever and temperature are contraindications to photothermolysis. It can not be carried out even if the integrity of the skin is disturbed in the treatment zone.
Absolute contraindications to the performance of fractional photothermolysis is considered the taking of such medications:
- Roaccutane, Sospet and other precursors of vitamin A;
- cytostatics;
- glucocorticoids;
- immunosuppressants.
Procedure of the fractal
To conduct thermolysis should an experienced cosmetologist, who has a medical education. At the reception, the expert will objectively assess the skin condition and make sure that there are no contraindications to the procedure. In addition, before the facial laser treatment of facial skin is performed, the cosmetologist will warn the patient about possible complications that may occur after photothermolysis. Also, a specialist will tell you how to properly care for a person or body during the recovery period.
Fractional photothermolysis - preparation
It begins 2 weeks before the proposed manipulation. You can divide it into the following stages:
- Refusal to use skin-injuring cosmetics. These include scrubs and peelings. In addition, the use of salicylic and glycolic acids and retinol should be avoided. Such restrictions take effect in half a month before fractional photothermolysis.
- It is forbidden to visit the solarium and the beach a week before the procedure.
- 2-3 days before the manipulation you need to start taking antibiotics and antiviral medications prescribed by a cosmetologist. Such medications will minimize the risk of inflammation or infection of the epidermis.
- One day before the fractional laser skin resurfacing, you need to give up exercise and other intense physical activity. Overnight, the consumption of alcoholic beverages is prohibited.
Fractional laser face polishing
The procedure lasts about an hour. Its implementation is carried out in several stages. Fractional photothermolysis of the face is as follows:
- The cosmetologist cleanses the patient's skin with a light peel.
- On the surface being treated, the specialist applies an anesthetic. Most often used Anestol or Emla.
- After 40 minutes, the cosmetologist begins to treat the face with a special nozzle. At this point, the patient may feel a slight tingling sensation. During the procedure, the skin is cooled by a stream of air, which reduces discomfort. The most problematic areas of the face are processed several times.
- The skin is applied with a soothing cream.
Fractional photothermolysis of the eyelids
Since the skin around the eyes is very tender and sensitive, a laser with the least power is used to treat it. The device with an erbium rod is more often used. Its maximum permissible wavelength is 1420 nm. Before starting to perform fractional photothermolysis of the eyes, the cosmetologist puts on the patient special protective lenses. The very same procedure is performed in the same way as when treating the skin of the face or body.
Fractional photothermolysis - side effects
This procedure is considered sparing. If the patient previously took antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed by a specialist, and followed all the recommendations, the risk of side effects is minimal. In addition, whether the rejuvenation of the fractal will be accompanied by complications, the skill of the cosmetologist depends. The more experienced it is, the more professional the procedure will be performed, therefore, the risk of negative consequences is small.
Fractional laser photothermolysis is often accompanied by such complications:
- swelling and redness on the treated area (ice compresses will help clean up);
- peeling (eliminated with a moisturizer);
- the effect of bronzing (stored for 1-2 weeks).
If skin infection occurs, when fractional photothermolysis was performed by an erbium laser, the following side effects may occur:
- streptoderma ;
- erythema;
- vesicles (as after a burn);
- hyperpigmentation;
- rash.
Fraksel - rehabilitation
After the procedure, the skin needs special care. The observance of recommendations of the cosmetologist during this period depends on the duration of the recovery period and the final effect. When applying a fractal, after the procedure you need to follow such instructions for skin care:
- Continue to take antibiotics and antiviral drugs in the indicated dosage for a certain time.
- If the procedure was performed by a man, you can only shave on the third day, and you need to do this very carefully.
- Within 48-72 hours after the manipulation, one should not exercise sports or exert a strong physical exertion on the body.
- It is necessary to refuse from consumption of alcoholic beverages (this restriction is for 2-3 days).
- During the month, you can not visit the solarium and the beach. On the treated area of the skin before going out to the street, it is necessary to apply a cream with a high sunscreen factor.
- You can not rip off the crust that appeared on the skin! She must fall away.
- During the first weeks after the procedure, to treat the treated area of the skin, you need to use preparations for external use, prescribed for thermal burns. Humidifying sprays will also fit in this period.
- For a month should be abandoned chemical peeling and the use of scrubs.
Fractional photothermolysis - effect
The first day the skin will look as if it was scorched in the sun. Fractional photothermolysis of the photo immediately after the procedure is not impressive. Recovery with non-ablative type of manipulation takes about 3-4 days. After the ablation procedure, this period lasts about a week. Although even one session improves skin condition, it should not be limited. You need to complete the entire course: fractional photothermolysis before and after photos are convincing.
The duration of such therapy in each case is determined by the cosmetologist. The interval between individual manipulations is 4-5 weeks. The duration of therapy depends on the problems that need to be addressed:
- it is recommended to go through 3-4 sessions for rejuvenation;
- fractional photothermolysis of scars is represented by 6-8 procedures;
- to cope with the problem areas of the skin, prescribe 5-6 sessions of thermolysis.