Harmful habits, unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, mental and physical overload - all this, and not only, contributes to the development of cardiovascular pathologies, and a heart attack among them holds a special place. With this disease, there is an irreversible necrosis of the tissues of the heart muscle due to a violation of the patency of the vessel, which supplies it with blood and oxygen. If the patient is not delivered to the medical facility as soon as possible and he is not helped by the appearance of symptoms of myocardial infarction , the consequences of this can be very deplorable, up to a lethal outcome. Therefore, it is so important to know what are the main symptoms of myocardial infarction.
Symptoms of myocardial infarction
A typical form of myocardial infarction is characterized by a rather pronounced clinical picture, in which the main symptom is the sudden onset of pain, which lasts more than half an hour and is not stopped by nitroglycerin. Localized pains behind the sternum, in the heart, while giving in the left arm (or both hands), back, neck, jaw. The nature of pain is most often described by patients as burning, cutting, compressive, squeezing, bursting. Its intensity is usually higher than previously experienced pain in the heart, and in some cases it is unbearable.
In the majority of patients, heart pain with a heart attack has a clear emotional color, - there is a fear of death, a sense of despair, longing, doom. A person at the same time can become very excited, scream, moan, dramatically change the position of the body. In addition to pain, myocardial infarction, both shallow and large, is manifested by the following symptoms:
- severe weakness;
- sensation of lack of air;
- increased sweating (cold, sticky sweat);
- nausea;
- pallor of the skin;
- cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle;
- increased heart rate;
- increased blood pressure;
- increased body temperature.
It is important to know that in some cases, myocardial infarction proceeds without pain. About the illness in such a case may indicate such symptoms as weakness, irritability, sleep disturbance, depressiveness, discomfort in the chest. Confirm or deny the diagnosis while this is possible by means of an electrocardiogram.
Symptoms of abdominal myocardial infarction
In addition to painless myocardial infarction, there are other atypical forms of this disease, among them - abdominal. This form of pathology is also called gastralgic; the pain that arises in her localized in the epigastric region or the right hypochondrium and resemble pain during an attack of pancreatitis, cholecystitis. Most often, the posterior wall of the left ventricle is damaged.
Other signs of this type of disease may include:
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- hiccough;
- bloating;
- diarrhea;
- tension of the abdominal wall.
Symptoms of recurrent myocardial infarction
After a person once overtook a myocardial infarction, the probability of his recurrence is extremely high, especially in the early days. But it is impossible to predict for sure whether a seizure will be repeated or not, and the disease can again strike even if all the medical recommendations and prevention measures are observed. In most cases, repeated infarction is accompanied by the same symptomatology, which was noted for the first time. But these signs can be more pronounced, and also various signs of complications of the disease are often observed (for example, loss of consciousness may occur, lung edema may begin).