Female hormones, or rather their level, determine how a woman feels and how she looks. That is why it is important to monitor the level of female hormones in order to notice in time possible problems in the endocrine system.
When donating blood to hormones, it is important to remember that the day before the procedure should be excluded from the diet of alcohol, fatty, sweet. Also, you can not undergo excessive physical activity and live a sexual life. It is also desirable to stop taking any medications. Hormonal drugs should be canceled at least a week before the test. If this can not be done, then it is necessary to warn the doctor and the laboratory assistant about their admission.
The norm of female hormones in women is the relativity of the concept
Female hormones, the norm of which is never unambiguous, varies among women depending on the phase of the cycle, whereas in men such variability is not observed. There are three phases of the cycle:
- the follicular phase - from the first day of menstruation to the creation of a dominant follicle (that is, until about the 14th day of the cycle);
- ovulatory phase - within three days after release of the ovule from the dominant follicle (14-16 days of the cycle);
- luteal phase - the time between ovulation and the onset of the next menstruation (from day 16-18 of the cycle).
Female sex hormones and their norm
The main female hormones are prolactin, the hormonal levels of which in mature women are 130-540 μU / ml, as well as follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol and progesterone.
If in the period of the follicular phase to pass tests for female hormones, the rate of such hormones will be as follows:
- follicle-stimulating hormone - 3-10 microU / ml;
- luteinizing hormone - 2-15 microU / ml;
- Estradiol - 110-331 nmol / l;
- progesterone - 0.33-2.22 nmol / l.
In the phase of ovulation, the indicators of female hormones should normally be:
- follicle-stimulating hormone - 10-46 microU / ml;
- luteinizing hormone - 24-151 microU / ml;
- Estradiol - 478-1175 nmol / l;
- progesterone - 0.49-9.42 nmol / l.
In the luteal phase, these hormones normally are:
- follicle-stimulating hormone - 1.4-7 μU / ml;
- luteinizing hormone - 2-16 microU / ml;
- Estradiol 258-735 nmol / l;
- progesterone - 6.98-56.62 nmol / l.
It is important to know that most hormones differ in the daily mode of secretion. Also, their level can be influenced by eating. That is why the hormones must be tested optimally in the early morning and on an empty stomach so that the result is reliable.