In case of violations of several organs or systems that do not lend themselves to a standard medical explanation, it is believed that vegetative dysfunction (VD) occurs. This is a complex of disparate symptoms that are caused not by physical, but by nervous disorders in the body. Earlier, pathology was called a vegetovascular or neurocirculatory dystonia, but this term has long been obsolete, as well as conventional approaches to the treatment of the disease.
Causes of autonomic dysfunction
The described symptom-complex develops due to a malfunction in the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for the regulation and control of the functioning of internal organs. The reasons for this violation are:
- endocrine pathologies (gonads, adrenals, thyroid gland);
- heredity;
- hormonal imbalance;
- psycho-emotional overload;
- organic damage to the brain;
- susceptibility to stress;
- chronic diseases of the digestive and cardiovascular system;
- overwork;
- depression;
- long-term smoking and alcoholism;
- misuse of unhealthy food.
Symptoms of dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system
Clinical manifestations of the problem in question are very diverse, and each individual patient has his own set of specific features, sometimes completely unrelated.
In connection with the many variants of the course of pathology, it is customary to classify its symptoms as follows:
1. Signs of autonomic dysfunction from the heart:
- discomfort, chest pain;
- blood pressure jumps;
- fluctuations in heart rate;
- increased heart rate.
2. Manifestations from the respiratory system:
- suffocation;
- difficulty breathing and exhaling;
- hyperventilation syndrome;
- dyspnea.
3. Symptoms of HP on the part of the digestive system:
- belching with air;
- dyspeptic disorders;
- strengthened peristalsis;
- abdominal distress.
4. Signs of the disease from the mucous membranes and skin:
- dryness in the oral cavity;
- tremor of hands ;
- redness, cyanosis of the skin, spotted hyperemia;
- feeling of numbness, tingling;
- increased sweating.
5. Clinic of pathology from the side of the psyche:
- irritability, touchiness;
- unreasonable anxiety and fear, anxiety;
- sleep disorders;
- inability to concentrate attention.
6. HP manifestations from the urogenital system:
- premenstrual syndrome;
- frequent urination (dysuria).
7. Symptoms of the musculoskeletal system:
- tension headaches;
- sensations of a "coma" in the throat;
- convulsions and muscle spasms;
- motor anxiety;
- pain in the muscles.
In most cases, vegetative dysfunction is diagnosed in a mixed type - without the predominance of any group of clinical manifestations. In addition, it is accompanied by the following general and nonspecific signs:
- subfebrile body temperature;
- tides;
- fatigue;
- a feeling of chills;
- dizziness, fainting ;
- asthenia.
Treatment of dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system
The basis of the fight against this complex of symptoms is psychotherapy. Usually it takes 10-15 sessions to stabilize the nervous state.
Pharmacological preparations are used as maintenance treatment. The following groups of medicines are usually used:
- antidepressants;
- normotimics;
- beta-blockers;
- antipsychotics with sedative properties;
- nootropics;
- vasoactive drugs;
- vegetative stabilizers.
To effectively arrest clinical manifestations of pathology, symptomatic therapy corresponding to the signs of HP is prescribed.