Urolithiasis is a disease that is accompanied by the formation in the bladder and ureter of solid stones of various sizes. This pathology is more commonly known as urolithiasis - the symptoms of this ailment are quite specific, but they are easily confused with other diseases of the kidney and excretory system. Therefore, it is important to conduct a thorough diagnosis.
What are the symptoms of kidney kidney disease?
The main signs of the ailment in question are diverse and depend mainly on the location of the calculus in the urinary system, as well as its size. For example, the largest stones (coral) are characterized by low mobility, without violating the outflow of urine, so a person can not suspect for a long time of their presence. Also, there are no symptoms if the stones are in the bladder or kidney.
Stones, especially small ones, formed in the ureter or got into it from other organs of the excretory system, lead to the following clinical manifestations:
- incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- aching blunt pain in the lower back;
- the transition of the pain syndrome to the groin, the inner thighs, the lower abdomen;
- frequent and sudden urge to urinate;
- increased unpleasant sensations during movement;
- presence of blood impurities in the urine (hematuria);
- sudden interruption of the urine stream during urination;
- pallor and dryness of the skin;
- swelling;
- cracking of the skin of the feet and palms.
The listed symptoms become more pronounced if the concrements provoke the attachment of a bacterial infection. Because of this, an inflammatory process develops, which increases painful sensations.
Symptoms of an attack of urolithiasis
At the time when the solid neoplasm completely covers the lumen of the ureter and prevents the outflow of fluid, an attack of the described disease begins.
Typical symptoms of exacerbation of urolithiasis:
- renal colic in the form of acute unbearable pain in the lower back;
- spread of pain to the entire upper abdomen;
- severe nausea and frequent vomiting;
- prolonged constipation;
- bloating;
- fever and chills;
- weakness, desire to lie down;
- headache;
- fever;
- profuse sweating.
These signs can last from several minutes to several days, then intensifying, then quiet. As a rule, the attack stops immediately after the stone leaves the ureter naturally. But in some cases medical attention is required to remove the calculus, to avoid serious complications and to transfer renal colic.
Diagnosis of symptoms of urolithiasis
To confirm suspicions on the development of urolithiasis, it is necessary at the first clinical manifestations of pathology to consult a urologist.
After examination and detailed information gathering, the specialist will assign the following laboratory tests:
1. Urine:
- on the function of stone formation;
- general research;
- score ph;
- the detection of salt crystals;
- Zimnitsky's trial;
- bacteriological culture.
2. Blood:
- determination of the level of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin;
- biochemistry;
- general analysis.
Also, instrumental examinations, in particular - several variants of radiation diagnostics are required:
- ultrasonography;
- review radiography;
- excretory urography;
- antegrade pyelography;
- retrograde ureteropyelography;
- spiral computed tomography with the possibility of introducing a contrast agent;
- magnetic resonance urography.
After the examination, the urologist will determine which of the listed studies should be carried out.