Spermogram is the analysis of seminal fluid, which is examined in order to determine the ability to reproduce a man. Sperm analysis is shown to couples who suffer from infertility for one year or men who are sperm donors.
Spermiogram indices - norm
In the analysis of sperms, the number and motility of the spermatozoa are studied, the microscopy of the sediment: the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, as well as the number of immature spermatozoa. The analysis takes into account the color, volume, viscosity and time of dilution of the seminal fluid.
The norm of the spermogram is as follows:
- the quantitative norm of the spermogram analysis is from 2 to 6 ml;
- color of seminal fluid - white, grayish-beige or yellowish;
- a good spermogram has a smell of chestnut flowers, which indicates the presence of spermine in it - the secretion of the prostate gland;
- viscosity in a normal spermogram from 1 to 0.5 cm;
- pH in a normal semen analysis of 7.2-7.8;
- the time for which liquefaction of the ejaculate occurs, should not be more than 60 minutes;
- erythrocytes in the spermogram should not be detected;
- the norm of leukocytes in the spermogram is from 1 to 10 ml / ml in the seminal fluid; macrophages are absent in the spermogram;
- aggregation in the spermogram at the norm is absent;
- epithelial cells of the urethra and prostate in the analysis of the ejaculate can be single;
- microflora and mucus should not be detected in a good spermogram;
- young immature spermatozoa should be detected in an amount not exceeding 10% of the total;
- the concentration of spermatozoa in 1 ml of 60 to 120 million;
- At least half of the spermatozoa in the ejaculate - with high mobility.
Sperm motility can be of 4 types:
- A - progressively mobile;
- B - progressively sluggish;
- C - non-progressively mobile;
- D - motionless.
The norms of the WHO spermogramme mean the presence in the ejaculate of 25% of spermatozoa of category A or 50% of categories A and B.
Spermogram - morphology
Assessment of the morphology of spermatozoa is very important in the study of their usefulness. Normal sperm should be at least 80%. One of the damages may be the fragmentation of DNA in the spermogram, in which the sperm cell chain is damaged. With a large number of such lesions, the probability of pregnancy is reduced.
So, we looked at the normal spermogram. From what has been said, it can be seen that a deviation from the norm of at least one of the listed characteristics in some cases can lead to infertility. But still - not in every case.