Mental education is a purposeful process of the influence of parents or simply adults on the development of children's mental abilities, the purpose of which is the transfer of knowledge that contributes to a multifaceted development and adaptation to life.
What it is?
Mental education and the development of preschool children in general have a close relationship. Education in most cases determines and development, contributing to it.
Especially high rate of mental education is observed in preschool children. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of children at an early age. As a result of long studies, scientists have established that it is in the first 2 years of life that children live so intensely that they have an impressive amount of cognitive activity. As a result, the brain increases significantly, and its mass is already at 3 years old, up to 80% of the weight of the adult's organ.
Features of mental education of children
Mental education of school-age children is characterized by its own characteristics. In view of the fact that the child's brain suffers from a lack of information, it is necessary to try to fill its volume. However, it is very important not to overdo it.
Many parents quite often, during the training of their offspring, overload his excessive volume of knowledge, trying in such a way to develop his abilities. With constant intensive workload, the child will necessarily achieve high results, but physical and mental expenses will be inevitable. Therefore, remember one simple rule: you can not overload the child's brain! The main function of the entire process of mental education at a young age is to form the basis for cognitive activity, which will only contribute to further knowledge of the world around us.
The main feature of the mental development of preschoolers is cognition through figurative forms: imagination, imaginative thinking and perception.
Defects that can be admitted in the process of mental education at school age, are quite difficult to eliminate in older children. Often, they have a negative impact on the further development of the individual. For example, if you do not give the child a proper time with the designer, then as a result he may have problems with spatial imagination. As a result, the child will constantly experience difficulties in studying geometry, drawing.
The tasks of mental education
The main tasks of mental education of a child in the first years of his life are:
- sensory education ;
- development of brain activity;
- formation of speech.
The first concept presupposes the development of figurative thinking in children by the use of tactile sensations. As you know, every kid knows the world through touch. As soon as he sees something interesting to him, he immediately draws his hands.
The thinking activity is the result of the cognitive. After the crumb gets acquainted with the things surrounding him, he gradually begins to recognize this or that object by associating his image with his tactile sensations. For example, when you see a soft plush toy on the child's face, joy immediately appears, because he knows that it is pleasant to the touch.
Methods and means of mental education
It is customary to identify methods and means of mental education. The means include:
- game ;
- constructive activity;
- training;
- work;
- graphic activity.
Methods are quite diverse and completely depend on the age of the baby and the tasks assigned at this stage. Most of the methods of mental education of children involves the submission of material in a game form.