When you need to solve the problem of heating a private house, you first need to determine the available fuel. If it is solid (wood, peat bricks or coal), then a heating boiler is needed from that which operates on solid fuel. The sources of heat in this case are coal, wood, chips, briquettes of sawdust, straw or husk.
Calculation of solid fuel boiler
If you need to calculate the power of a solid fuel boiler, it can be simplified as follows: for heating 10 m & sup2 at a ceiling height of three meters, 1 kW of power is needed. So, if your house has an area of 100 m & sup2, you need a boiler with a capacity of 10 kW / h. But if the house does not have additional insulation, then it is better to multiply this value by a factor of 1.3.
Types of solid fuel boilers
All boilers for hot water heating have a number of common features. They use heat from the combustion of solid fuel. But there are signs on which they can be classified:
- According to the material of the boiler itself and its heat exchanger:
- steel - lighter, but with a shorter service life, fire and condensate will quickly destroy such a boiler;
- cast iron - solid fuel heating boilers, characterized by a large weight and good resistance to corrosion, more durable.
- boilers with separate fins and two heat exchangers in which it is possible to burn different types of fuel;
- Universal boilers capable of operating on different subspecies of solid fuel;
- Boilers that can only work on one type of fuel.
- Classical combustion - with a large-sized furnace where combustion occurs naturally, the design assumes a temperature control sensor with manual adjustment of the air damper;
- long burning - can be divided into "smoldering" and pyrolysis solid fuel boilers. The latter have 2 chambers; combustion first occurs in conditions of a lack of oxygen, and it is the release of wood gas under the influence of high temperatures that is called pyrolysis. In the second chamber, the separated mixture of gases is burned in conditions of an excess of oxygen. The efficiency of such systems reaches 90%, one fuel loading is sufficient to ensure combustion within 12 hours. "Smoldering" boilers are designed so that the combustion process is from the top down, and the water jacket is located around the perimeter of the boiler. Such units have a large volume of the loading chamber, so that you will not need to lay fuel for several days.
Advantages of solid fuel boilers
The main advantage of such equipment is the low cost of fuel - wood, coal, briquettes and so on. In addition, these boilers are highly environmentally friendly and reliable.
Such boilers are powerful sources of heat. It does not matter at all whether there is gas or electricity in the house or nearby. They are completely autonomous in this sense.
A significant advantage is that many types of cats work on both firewood and cheaper fuels. Often used as fuel used anthracite, those or other types of coal or briquettes.
Solid fuel boilers have good protection against overheating, and some models are even equipped with automatic cleaning systems.
The use of such equipment requires strict adherence to security measures. Sometimes you need to check the correctness of the work and do not forget to provide fuel in a timely manner.
Domestic solid fuel heating boilers
Solid fuel boilers produced in Russia:
- "Kupper";
- "Prometheus";
- "Don";
- "KCHM";
- "Burzhuy-K";
- ZOTA;
- FBRZh.
Solid fuel boilers of Belarusian production:
- "Mozyr";
- Logano (AkvaBrest).
Solid fuel boilers of Ukrainian production:
- "Lighthouse";
- "Fire".