Lincomycin is a natural antibiotic and belongs to the group of lincosamides. Also in the same group is its semisynthetic analog - clindamycin. In small doses, this drug prevents the reproduction of bacteria, and at higher concentrations destroys them.
Lincomycin is effective against bacteria resistant to erythromycin, tetracyclines and streptomycin, and is useless against viruses, fungi and protozoa.
Indications for use
Lincomycin is prescribed for infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to this antibiotic. These include inflammation of the middle ear, otitis media, infections of bones and joints, pneumonia, skin infections, furunculosis, purulent inflammation of wounds and burns, erysipelas.
This antibiotic is widely distributed in dentistry, since it affects most of the pathogens of infections in the oral cavity, and accumulates in the bone tissue, creating the concentration necessary for treatment.
Lincomycin used ampoules for intramuscular and intravenous injections, as well as in tablets and as an ointment with external inflammations.
Side effects and contraindications
The use of lincomycin can cause abnormalities in the work of the digestive tract - nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, sores in the mouth, and with prolonged admission - thrush and impaired blood composition. Also, allergic reactions are possible in the form of hives, skin irritations, Quincke's edema (rapidly developing edema of various parts of the face and mucous membrane), anaphylactic shock.
Lincomycin is contraindicated for individual intolerance, liver and kidney disease, pregnancy and during breast-feeding. Also it can not be assigned to children in the first month of life.
Limited use for fungal diseases of the skin, mucous membranes of the mouth, genital organs. Of medical drugs, this antibiotic is not compatible with calcium gluconate, magnesium sulfate, heparin, theophylline, ampicilin and barbiturates.
Most often, lincomycin is used in hospitals, which is why the percentage of side effects and complications caused by its use is high.Forms of release and dosage
Lincomycin is released in tablets, ampoules and as an ointment.
- In ampoules for intramuscular and intravenous injection. With intramuscular injections, a single dose is 0.6 g, 1-2 times per day. The needle should be administered as deep as possible, otherwise there is a risk of thrombosis and tissue death (necrosis). When administered intravenously, the drug is diluted with saline or glucose at a rate of 0.6 g per 300 ml, and injected through a dropper 2-3 times a day. Lincomycin in one syringe or dropper is incompatible with novobiocin or kanamycin. The maximum daily dose of the drug for an adult is 1.8 g, but in the case of severe infection, the dose is increased to 2.4 g. For children, doses of 10-20 mg per kilogram of weight are indicated, with intervals of not less than 8 hours. With rapid intravenous administration, dizziness, weakness, and lowering of blood pressure are possible.
- Tablets produce 250 and 500 mg. Capsules can not be divided and opened. The drug should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals, washed down with plenty of water. Adults prescribe one tablet (500 mg) 3 times a day for infections of medium severity, and 4 times a day for severe infections. Children under 14 years can take lincomycin at a rate of 30 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, dividing into 2-3 admission.
- Lincomycin-AKOS - 2% ointment for external use. Produced in aluminum tubes for 10 and 15 g. Ointment is applied to the damaged area 2-3 times a day with a thin layer.