Vascular contraction is a dangerous pathological condition. It can be partial, narrowing the sosudiki in any part of the body to a greater or lesser extent, or full, closing the entire lumen. At the beginning of the development of such pathology, symptoms are virtually absent. And when they appear, the risk of developing an acute myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke is incredibly high.
Causes of vasoconstriction
The main cause of vasoconstriction is congestion in the arteries of cholesterol plaques. When they increase, the lumen gradually narrows and there is a complete blockage. In addition, part of the plaque can come off and, move along the bloodstream, clog the small vascular.
The accumulation of cholesterol most often occurs when:
- atherosclerosis;
- diabetes mellitus;
- hypertension;
- obesity;
- vasculitis.
Narrowing of the vessels of the heart
The narrowing of the blood vessels arises when they are affected by atherosclerosis. Basically, this pathology develops in the coronary and coronary arteries, supplying blood to the heart muscle. Gradual narrowing of the coronary vessels is the cause of coronary heart disease and heart failure. You can recognize this condition by the following symptoms:
- severe pain in the chest;
- arrhythmia;
- shortness of breath (even with minor fiznagruzkah);
- edema.
If there is a complete blockage of the vascular, the patient develops an acute myocardial infarction.
Constriction of cerebral vessels
Narrowing of the blood vessels of the brain disrupts the normal blood supply of this organ. If such pathology occurs slowly, the patient develops motor disorders, disturbances in the emotional sphere, and sometimes there are failures in the memory. Constriction of cerebral vessels can cause cerebral infarction. This condition is manifested by such symptoms as:
- severe headache;
- vomiting;
- dizziness;
- paresis and even paralysis.
Narrowing of the vessels of the neck
With this form of the disease, the lumen of the suction vessels, which supply the blood to the brain, is severely narrowed. Together with them, as a rule, the carotid arteries are affected. But the veins of the neck suffer very rarely. With a strong narrowing of the vessels of the neck, the symptoms are the same as when blood circulation in the brain is disturbed. But very often such a pathology does not manifest itself in almost any way and the patient finds out about it when a stroke occurs with it. That is why it is necessary to visit a doctor, when often arise:
- dizziness;
- darkness in the eyes;
- "Flies" before the eyes;
- noise in the ears ;
- sensation of weakness in various limbs.
Narrowing of the vessels of the legs
Narrowing of the vessels of the legs is a dangerous pathology. About its development may indicate the pallor of the skin on the lower limbs, lameness and severe pain. If you do not start treatment in time, the narrowing of the leg suction can have many unpleasant consequences. Among the most common pain in the legs, even at rest, muscle atrophy, ulcers and gangrene.
Treatment of vasoconstriction
The method of treatment of vasoconstriction depends on the degree of severity of the disease and its localization. If cholesterol plaques are small, you can get rid of them by changing your lifestyle (abandoning various bad habits, regularly and fully eating and playing sports).
Did some disease lead to a narrowing or blockage of the arteries? It is necessary to treat it and take medication to lower the level of cholesterol:
- The Cross;
- Lipitor;
- Leskol, etc.
In severe cases, surgical intervention is necessary to cleanse the vessels. For this, the following operations are performed:
- Endarterectomy - removal of small thrombi narrowing the lumen.
- Shunting - laying a channel for blood flow bypassing a severely damaged area.
- Stenting - placing a stent in the vessel, which expands its walls, improving blood circulation.