Tomato is one of the most favorite summer vegetables, and almost every summer resident is engaged in their growing. It is not so difficult, however, in order to get a really good harvest, it is important to be aware of when and how the top dressing of tomatoes is carried out.
Proper top dressing of a tomato
Beginners and gardeners need to know that the wrong top dressing of tomatoes in the open field, made not in time, does not give the expected result. It is able to severely damage or even make the crop unsuitable for consumption, so certain substances and mixtures must be prepared according to all rules. If you accidentally missed the time of the planned plant fertilizer, it is better to abandon this idea altogether. So, let's consider in detail when to make top dressing a tomato in the open ground, and why it is produced.
The first fertilizing of tomatoes after landing in the ground
After the landing, the first top dressing of the tomato in the open ground occurs about two to three weeks later, when the seedlings are already finally rooted and began to grow rapidly. Tentatively, this may be the end of May or the beginning of June. Proper feeding will help the plant to develop rapidly and transform into a beautiful large bush. For the first feeding it is better to choose such mixtures for 10 liters of water:
- 0.5 liters of liquid mullein;
- 2 liters of herbal nettle;
- 1 tbsp. nitrofoski;
- 0.5 liters of chicken manure.
This simple method of fertilization for a tomato in the open ground is called the root, that is, the shrub should feed exclusively through the root. For each of the seedling bushes you need to use about 0.5 liters of fertilizer. Feeding is done only once - this is enough to get the expected result.
Top dressing tomatoes after picking
Pickling seedlings - the process of transplanting it into the open ground, the central root of the plant in the process is plucked into the third part of the length. After this procedure, more strength is required for rooting, which entails some growth retardation, at this point, top dressing of the tomato in the open ground should be abundant and nutritious.
As a top dressing after picking, you can use baker's yeast, but it is important to take into account the factor - in the process of vital activity, living organisms contained in them, decompose potassium. Therefore, feeding up plants, you need to additionally add this mineral. Apply fertilizer preferably in the morning and water the seedlings with water at room temperature.
Adding tomato during flowering
During this period, all the forces of the tomato are directed to flowering, they badly need potassium and phosphorus - these minerals provide a good ovary. Topping up a tomato during flowering can be root or foliar. The following options can be used as root:
- For 10 liters of water, use a tablespoon of dry yeast and three tablespoons of sugar. The liquid can be left for a couple of hours, after diluted with water 1:10 and watered under the root.
- Dilute the ash with water and water the plants for several days.
Still another option is possible, as the top dressing of tomatoes in the open ground during flowering:
- In 4 liters of water, add 15 drops of iodine and 1 liter of milk. Tomatoes are sprayed in the morning and in the evening not abundantly, so that the solution does not drain from the leaves.
- 2 tablespoons of superphosphate can be diluted in a liter of hot water and insist 12 hours. The solution must be diluted with water in a proportion of 1:10, the plants are sprayed in the evening.
How often to feed tomatoes?
With what frequency is the top dressing of the tomato in the open ground, it should be decided by considering each individual case. For example, feeding a tomato after planting is done according to the rules only once, but if the plant does not get well or wilt, it can be repeated in a few days. Beautiful and full of life bushes do not need abundant fertilizers, so in the flowering period or the ovary you can add only one or two additional fertilizing.
How can you feed tomatoes?
In addition to the described, there are many options for root and foliar dressings, which you can prepare yourself. They can not only strengthen tomatoes and provide good growth, but also help cope with various diseases. Let's consider in more detail which top dressings like tomatoes in the open ground, and how they can be cooked on their own.
Fertilizing the tomato with yeast
Conventional yeast for dough, which is often used in cooking, will help to grow a decent tomato crop. They contain a lot of protein, organic iron, amino acids and a lot of macro and microelements, which significantly improves the quality of growth. Yeast top dressing for a tomato in the open ground will provide:
- increase the endurance of tomato seedlings;
- acceleration of growth;
- strengthening rooting and propagation;
- increase the immunity of a tomato in front of various diseases.
In the period of active growth, yeast fertilizer is used. It productively rebuilds the soil composition, creating a particularly favorable environment. Prepare fast and elementary, it will take no more than a few minutes. You can use absolutely any yeast, dry or wet. For the mixture will need 1 kg of live yeast and 5 liters of water.
Yeast completely dissolved with water, then this mixture is diluted with water in a proportion of 1:10. The resultant fertilizer can be poured on 0,5 l both directly under the root, and along the contour of the stump circle. If such a mixture watered tomatoes every day, you will quickly see significant results - tomatoes will become stronger and will increase markedly in growth.
If you want to use dry yeast, then top dressing for tomatoes in the open ground is prepared as follows: 10 g of yeast and 2 tablespoons of sugar dissolved in 10 liters of water. Before use, this solution should be left for a couple of hours to infuse, after dilution with water in a proportion of 1: 5. This fertilizing will also provide plants with healthy growth and strength.
Feeding tomatoes with ammonia
Nitrate is a solution of ammonia and is easily digested. He supplies the plant with nitrogen, gives the correct formation of the form of the bush and helps the abundant flowering. Also, the feeding of salmon in the open ground is used in case of lack of flowering, a thin stalk, small leaf sizes.
Applying this type of fertilizing, it is necessary to know that the fertilizer with ammonia should be used with caution, a high concentration of the substance can do much harm. It is necessary to start top dressing with weak solutions, eventually increasing its concentration, and the maximum permissible proportion is 1 teaspoon of ammonia per 1 liter of water.
Top dressing of tomatoes with boric acid
Top dressing of tomatoes with boric acid is one of the simplest, affordable and effective methods of fertilization. It can be called universal, supplying tomatoes with boron and protecting them from late blight . Boron helps to take necessary useful substances from the soil, promotes a rapid increase in the number of flowers, accelerates the formation of ovaries.
The first time boric acid as a top dressing of tomatoes in the open ground is applied at the stage of preparation of seed sowing. To do this, seeds must be soaked in a solution of 0.2 grams per liter of warm water for 24 hours. Due to this soaking, seed germination significantly increases. Boric acid as a top dressing is used when forming the ovary. To prepare the solution, we use 1 g of boric acid per 1 liter of water, and we process the seedlings.
But this tool should be used with great caution - if the dosage of boric acid in the solution is exceeded, tomatoes can suffer greatly. Therefore, if the tomatoes began to look bad after top dressing, you should stop them so fertilize. In case of successful top dressing, the described procedure should be repeated after 10 days.
Top dressing with tomato potassium permanganate
Manganese for tomatoes can be used not only as a top dressing, but also as a disinfectant. Potassium and manganese, contained in it, form in the soil atomic oxygen, which feeds the root system of tomatoes and protects against late blight. But one can not say unambiguously that potassium permanganate is the best fertilizer for tomatoes, it eliminates not only harmful but also beneficial bacteria and microorganisms.
For top dressing you need a solution - 3 g of potassium permanganate per 10 liters of water. Treat them seedlings should be after planting once, or once every 10 days. Tomatoes are fertilized in the following way: a hot solution must be poured into the prepared well and the bushes planted after 20 minutes. When the flowering of tomatoes came, the same solution can additionally be fed them one by one.
Top dressing of a tomato with chicken droppings
In search of solutions, than to feed tomatoes, folk remedies, such as chicken manure, containing nitrogen, potassium, phosphate and magnesium are especially good. The easiest way to fertilize is to prepare the infusion. It is necessary to take the overgrown bird manure and pour it with water, the mixture should be infused for 2-3 days. Its color should be light-red - if it turned darker, fertilizer should be diluted. Such feeding is rightfully called universal and absolutely safe for the plant.
Fertilizing tomatoes with ashes
Wood ash contains the whole set of necessary elements for tomatoes, therefore it is very popular among the people. It promotes growth, good ovary and timely ripening of fruits. But before fertilizing plants with ashes, it should be borne in mind that its overabundance has a bad effect on the soil.
Such top dressing is easily prepared on its own - about 150 grams of ash and 10 liters of water are mixed. For one seedling leaves 0.5 liters of the mixture. Tomatoes become fleshy, with large leaves and inflorescences, a beautiful saturated green color. If you did not see the result, then the top dressing of tomato bushes in open field should be carried out once again in a week.
Top dressing of a tomato with herbal infusion
An effective and safe solution, than to feed tomatoes in the ground, are herbal infusions. For this, dandelion, nettle, mother-and-stepmother is used. In its pure form, infusion is rarely used, more often it is used as an additive to phosphate, fertilizer by droppings. Prepared feeding is easy - water-filled grass infused for 24 hours.
Feeding of bread for a tomato
Bread feeding is an alternative to yeast fertilizer for top dressing of a tomato. For a nutrient solution, you will need ordinary yeast bread. Preparing for feeding is very simple - the remains of bread are completely filled with water. At the same time, the container closes tightly so that the bread does not float, and leaves for about a week. Further, the fertilizer is diluted with water and poured into the plant under the root.