Arrhythmia is a disease of the cardiovascular system, manifested by a violation of the rhythm, frequency and sequence of contractions of the heart.
Sinusoidal arrhythmia in children is infrequent and may eventually pass. However, if the arrhythmia is pronounced, it can persist throughout life and disrupt the functioning of the circulatory system.
Sinus breathing arrhythmia in children: causes
The presence of arrhythmia in childhood can be due to the following reasons:
- hereditary factor;
- heart disease (congenital or acquired);
- inflammatory processes (endocarditis, myocarditis);
- poisoning, in particular, with medicinal products;
- vegetative-vascular dystonia;
- violation of electrolyte balance as a result of transferred infectious diseases (pneumonia, tonsillitis, bronchitis, intestinal infection);
- mitral valve prolapse;
- small anomalies in the development of the heart (eg, false chords);
- tumor neoplasms of the heart.
Severe sinus arrhythmia in the child: symptoms
While the child is small, he can not say about his feelings, even if he feels a discomfort. However, parents
- may suspect the presence of an arrhythmia in a child if it has the following symptoms:
- dyspnea;
- unreasonable anxiety, which can occur from time to time;
- blanching or blueing of the skin;
- small increase in weight:
- sleep disorders: poor sleep, crying, the baby often wakes up in a dream;
- a violation of appetite: a complete rejection of food or a child can languidly eat.
A child of older age can tell about his feelings if they make him uncomfortable. In this case, children with arrhythmia often complain about:
- increased fatigue;
- they do not tolerate long physical activities;
- experience interruptions in the heart.
Sinus arrhythmia in children: treatment
Arrhythmia in childhood is dangerous because it can cause the development of heart failure, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, which contribute to the disability of the child and can even lead to death. Therefore, if you notice that the child looks pale, poorly eats and sleeps, fainting occurs, then you should immediately consult a doctor to determine the cause of this physical condition of your child.
If the child is diagnosed as having a sinus arrhythmia, then he needs a sparing regimen:
- physical activity is reduced to a minimum;
- limit the time spent by the child on a television or computer;
- correct the food: portions are reduced in volume, switch to fractional power.
To maintain the heart, intravenously injected atropine. If a large number of extrasystoles is noted on the electrocardiogram and the results of the holter study (daily heart rate monitoring), the child is prescribed novocainamide or quinidine. If the child has impaired conduction of the heart muscle, then prescribe adrenaline. In the case of diagnosing fibrillation and atrial flutter, in addition to quinidine, novocainamide, a solution of potassium chloride is administered to the child.
Since there are two types of arrhythmia ( tachycardia , bradycardia ), then the treatment is carried out taking into account the type of arrhythmia.
So, with tachycardia (rapid rhythm) the child is prescribed anaprilin, verapamil, cordarone, with bradycardia (a rare rhythm) - isotrop, euphyllin.
In order to avoid heart problems in the future, a newborn child can carry out electrocardiography from the first days of life. This allows you to diagnose the pathology of the development of the cardiovascular system and start treatment on time.