We do not even think about how important feelings are in our lives. A person perceives the world with his sensory systems, knows and studies it, we think with our sensations, every thought is generated by them.
Despite the fact that the sensitive world seems to us boundless and intangible, sensations still have their own patterns. Scientists managed to curb even the world of feelings.
Regularities
There are six basic patterns of sensations:
- threshold of sensitivity;
- adaptation;
- contrast;
- interaction;
- sensitization;
- synesthesia.
1. The sensitivity threshold is a refutation of the fact that the stronger the stimulus, the stronger the sensation. In fact, at some point we generally cease to perceive stimuli when they are particularly strong. So, a person does not hear a sound above 20 thousand Hertz.
Each receptor has a lower threshold of sensitivity - this characterizes the sensitivity of the receptor. But the upper threshold is the force at which the maximum sensation of the stimulus is reached.
The main regularity of sensations in psychology is that each of us has individual sensitivity.
2. Adaptation is the process when the sensation from the stimulus changes, under the influence of its constant influence on the receptor. The best example is entering the river. At first, the water seems cold (because it is colder than air), and then already - warm.
3. Contrast - change in the intensity of the stimulus, under the preliminary or parallel action of another stimulus. And an example of this kind of pattern of sensations: look at the same figure on a black background, and without a background. On black, it seems lighter, and without black - it's darker.
4. Interaction is a change in the sensitivity of one analyzer system (the cortex department), because of the operation of another system. For example, under the influence of acid taste, a person's eyesight increases.
5. Sensitization is an increase in the sensitivity of receptors, as a result of the interaction of factors or constant exercises. The properties of this pattern of sensations and
6. Synaesthesia is one of the varieties of interaction. Under the influence of a single stimulus, sensations peculiar not to him but to another sensory analyzer may arise. So, when we listen to music, we can have visual images, although this phenomenon is not characteristic of all people.