Neurodermatitis is one of the most common skin diseases. This is a chronic pathology of neuro-allergic origin, which is characterized by seasonality of manifestations: in winter - exacerbation, in summer - remission. In general, the neurodermatitis is affected by children, but sometimes the disease occurs after puberty.
Types of neurodermatitis
The disease is classified into the following types:
- Diffuse neurodermatitis. Visual symptoms are on the face of the hands, knees, elbows, neck.
- Limited (focal) neurodermatitis. Manifestations are localized on limited areas of the body - ankle joints, back of the neck, in the groin.
- Linear neurodermatitis. Localizes on the legs and hands.
- Hypertrophic. It manifests tumoral changes in the groin area).
- Psoriasisiform. Area of localization - head and face.
- Follicular. Manifestations on the areas of the body covered with hair.
Each of the types of neurodermatitis delivers tangible discomfort to a person and threatens the development of various complications.
The main signs of neurodermatitis
The main clinical symptom of neurodermatitis is the appearance of pale pink papules that are accompanied by intense constant itching. In some cases, papules merge into continuous foci with further lichenization (peeling, condensation of the skin, a violation of its pigmentation and enhancement of the skin pattern). The area of the disease can be varied depending on the type of neurodermatitis.
Other symptoms of neurodermatitis are:
- a decrease in the function of the adrenal glands, as a result of which the skin becomes noticeably darker;
- lowering blood pressure;
- loss of body weight;
- increased fatigue;
- general weakness;
- apathy;
- decrease gastric juice secretion;
- decrease in the concentration of glucose in the blood;
- inflammation of the lymph nodes.
Symptoms of the disease are more intense in the winter and in the evening, and in the summer there is a noticeable improvement in the condition. A severe period of the disease in women is observed during menopause. The greatest discomfort is caused by the neurodermatitis on the hands, as the disease is aggravated due to particular mechanical effects and moisture ingress.
Itching, accompanying the disease, affects the quality of sleep, deprives a person of peace and leads to a mental disorder. Patients, long suffering from the neurodermitis, almost all the time are in a state of nervous irritation.
Exacerbation of neurodermatitis
The aggravation of neurodermatitis in many patients is facilitated by stressful situations. Among other reasons, hormonal failures, medication intake, preventive vaccinations, etc. can be distinguished. The presence of foci of chronic infection plays a significant role.
Complications of neurodermatitis
Neurodermatitis is often complicated by bacterial, viral and fungal infections. As bacterial complications can act folliculitis, impetigo , furunculosis, hydradenitis. The causative agents are most often Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus aureus and
One of the most dangerous complications of neurodermatitis is Kaposi's eczema, the causative agent of which is the herpes simplex virus. This pathology manifests a chill, an increase in body temperature to 40 ° C, a strong weakness, prostration. After a while there are rashes of small vesicles with serous or hemorrhagic contents. Further, the bubbles turn into pustules, and then into bleeding erosions.
Complications of fungal etiology are represented by candidal cheilitis, onychia and paronychia.