Chronic disease, in which there is a persistent increase in blood pressure, is called arterial hypertension (hypertension). Physicians consider it one of the most insidious diseases, since in the initial stage the ailment, usually, proceeds asymptomatically. And even if the disease is diagnosed, many patients neglect treatment. And in vain! In fact complications of an arterial hypertensia quite often become the reason of a lethal outcome.
Signs of hypertension
The first noticeable symptoms of hypertension are general weakness and dizziness. They are easily confused with signs of overwork. Experts recommend that if these manifestations are observed repeatedly, measure blood pressure. After a while, the symptoms are added:
- headache;
- double vision and flies in the eyes ;
- feeling of numbness in the limbs;
- decreased attention and memory impairment;
- difficulty speaking.
These manifestations indicate that the disease is serious because of cerebral circulatory disorders, and this can cause a stroke - a life-threatening condition associated with loss of consciousness and paralysis.
Forms of clinical course of arterial hypertension
Symptomatic (secondary) arterial hypertension is associated with certain types of diseases and damage to organs and systems of organs involved in the regulation of pressure (chronic kidney disease, endocrine disorders, etc.). With symptomatic hypertension, the underlying disease is treated, and in case of successful therapy, the pressure normalizes.
Labile arterial hypertension
Periodic increase with subsequent reduction in blood pressure to normal is a sign of labile hypertension. If you do not take the necessary measures, labile arterial hypertension can go into hypertension, which requires systemic drug therapy.
Stable arterial hypertension
With persistent increase in pressure, long-term treatment is conducted and a healthy lifestyle is recommended, since under the influence of high arterial pressure complications from the cardiovascular system are formed, and a lethal outcome is possible.
Systolic hypertension
Systolic hypertension is a disease in which systolic pressure is high and diastolic pressure is normal or low. The disease often occurs as a result of age-related changes in the body, and primarily in the vessels. The deposition of calcium, collagen, etc. reduces the elasticity of the vessels and their ability to respond to pressure changes. Usually, elderly patients experience increased pressure at night or in the morning. Thanks to antihypertensive therapy, it is possible to reduce the threat of complications and the death rate.
Arterial hypertension can occur with an increase in diastolic pressure - it is diastolic hypertension.
Diagnosis of arterial hypertension
For the diagnosis of "arterial hypertension," the pressure is measured in dynamics. The specialist also collects anamnestic data and physical examination indicators. The final diagnosis is made after the laboratory-instrumental examination of the patient. If suspicion of symptomatic arterial hypertension is prescribed, additional studies of organs whose disruption of the work resulted in increased blood pressure.
Emergency Care for Arterial Hypertension Syndrome
With hypertensive crisis, the tactic of action should be as follows:
- It is necessary to try to stop the crisis with the help of medications.
- If the crisis failed to stop, you should call an ambulance.
- A planned treatment of the patient is required under the supervision of a specialist.