The period denoted by the term "maternity leave" begins long before the appearance of the child. This time is meant for the upbringing of the baby. Mom does this more often, but such a vacation can be given to the father and even to close relatives.
Maternity leave period
Under the maternity leave women understand the time when they do not go to work, while receiving cash benefits. In fact, this concept consists of two:
- antenatal vacation;
- postpartum or parental leave.
The duration of this period fluctuates and is regulated at the legislative level in each country. The rules providing for the provision of such leave are prescribed in the Labor Code and may vary, depending on the state. In addition, the number of days of vacation granted depends on:
- the number of bearing fruits;
- the course of the process of delivery.
When go on maternity leave
Long before the appearance of the baby the future mother begins to worry about the question of how many weeks go into maternity leave. In the absence of unfavorable living conditions and the environment, the woman leaves at 30 weeks for antenatal leave. From that moment she opens a sick-list for the period until the moment of delivery. The duration of the entire maternity leave is 140 days (in Russia). If the birth took place with complications, the woman receives an additional 16 days. This time is given for replenishment of the spent forces.
Can I leave on the decree before?
Having learned, on what term leave for maternity leave, the future mothers think about whether there is an opportunity to leave earlier. The term of maternity leave starts from 7 months. However, a woman can go to the decree before. This requires special conditions. As such, a multiple pregnancy occurs. Future mothers, who are carrying two or more toddlers, are granted maternity leave starting from the 28th week.
This increases the duration of rest after the birth of the baby to 110 days, instead of 70. It is not often that a multiple pregnancy is determined only in the process of the baby's appearance. In this case, mother is given 54 more days to relying 140. Calculation of maternity leave starts from the day of opening of the sick leave sheet.
Is it possible to extend maternity leave?
Wishing to extend the period of being in the decree, mothers often think about such a question. The extension of the period is possible only with the consent of the employer. The woman expresses her request in writing, in the form of a statement to expand the leadership of her organization. If approved, it will be able to extend the decree, but the cash benefit is no longer received.
It is worth noting that the sick leave on parental leave does not affect the total duration of this period. In fact, a woman does not work, so she can not be given a temporary disability sheet. However, there is another possibility to extend maternity leave. After its termination the woman has the right to ask for social leave without pay. The duration of it can not exceed 30 calendar days.
Who can go to the decree instead of the mother?
Maternity leave for childcare can be granted to almost any member of the family. An important condition is employment. A childcare leave for a grandmother can be issued if she has not yet retired and is working. For the execution of such a decree, the person on whom the leave is registered must apply with a written application at the place of work to which it is affixed, with the birth certificate of the child . Maternity leave can be issued for:
- father;
- grandfather.
It all depends on the decision of the mother. The employer can not prevent this in any way, but must be notified in advance. The length of the leave to take care of the child does not change, but if the mother initially looked after the baby, the dad, for example, will get an unused portion of the leave. The amount of the allowance does not change and is paid at the place of work of the member of the family on whom the post-natal maternity leave is issued.
Leave for childcare - payments
Throughout the entire period of social leave, a child benefit is paid. Payments on maternity leave are carried out by the employer or in case the mother did not work until she was born, the center for social protection of the population. The monetary allowance is assigned in accordance with the established norms of the average wage for the time of registration of the decree.
The amount of payments due directly depends on the average salary that my mother received during the last calendar year. At the same time, a woman must work at least 3 months in a row in the last 12 months before she leaves maternity leave. The size of a lump sum at the birth of a baby depends entirely on the official earnings of the mother. It is implemented immediately after the birth of the child and the provision of relevant documents.
Childcare leave - documents
Before you take a leave to care for your child, your mother needs to collect a certain package of documents. At the same time, he must be provided before the birth of the child (registration of the prenatal leave) and after. Thus, for obtaining maternity leave:
- sick leave , opened on the 30 (28) week of pregnancy;
- certificate of registration for pregnancy in the women's consultation;
- application addressed to the employer;
- passport;
- a certificate of income for the last calendar year;
- the number of the bank account to which the funds will be transferred.
When registering the leave and cash allowance for the care of the child to the employer, the mother must provide:
- the document proving the identity (the passport, the residence permit);
- copy and original of the child's birth certificate;
- statement;
- bank card or account number.
Sample application for maternity leave
The application for maternity leave does not have a strict form of writing. It is made by hand on a regular sheet of paper - no forms are required. In its structure it is no different from the usual declarative act and has a standard structure:
- In the right upper corner, the "cap" is filled: the full name of the organization, the name, first name and patronymic of the director, below - the surname and initials, the post of the applicant.
- Below in the middle is written the word "statement".
- Then comes the main text of the document, in an arbitrary form: a request for leave, a time frame, a request for a cash benefit.
- The following are listed all the enclosed documents (the original of the sick-list issued by the medical institution and the original certificate issued in the women's consultation, which confirms the state of pregnancy).
- In the lower right corner the applicant puts the date of filing the document, her own signature.
Leave for childcare - experience
Experience in maternity leave is not interrupted and in most countries is taken into account when retiring. He is a member of the insurance period, - at that time contributions to the social protection fund are deducted. However, there are restrictions on the number of years covered in this length of service. A woman for all time can have no more than 6 years of such experience - for one and a half year for 4 children (rightfully for the Russian Federation). In some countries of the West this time is not established at all.
Dismissal on parental leave
According to the law, the dismissal of a woman on maternity leave without her consent is impossible. For the entire period of the care of the child, the mother retains the workplace, so immediately after the end of the decree, she can immediately begin to work. It is worth noting that leaving for maternity leave does not mean that there is no possibility of resuming work. Each mother has the right at any time to withdraw from the decree, warning the employer about it.
Exit from childcare leave
Leave to care for a child under 3 years can be interrupted at any time on the initiative of the mother. At the same time, the employer can not prevent the employee from entering the work. However, in order to avoid unjustified conflicts with the authorities, it is necessary to agree in advance with them the time when you will leave the maternity leave, having warned at least for 1 month.
A woman needs to write a statement in which she indicates that she wants to break the decree and return to her work duties. The authorities express their consent in the following way: a visa is written on the woman's statement, which indicates that the woman can go to work. Personnel, referring to the statement, makes the necessary order to the necessary changes.