Ischemia of cerebral vessels is a pathological condition that develops gradually and is the response of the organism to local oxygen hunger, caused by the insufficiency of blood supply to the brain tissues. In most cases, the cause of the violation of blood flow is a narrowing of the lumen of the cerebral arteries or complete blockage. In turn, this is caused by untimely or incorrect treatment of such diseases as cerebral arteriosclerosis, hypertension, thrombosis, thrombophlebitis , amyloidosis, etc.
Signs of cerebral ischemia
At an early stage of the development of the disease, its main symptom is fast fatigue with active brain activity and mental labor. Further to this feature, a number of other symptoms of cerebral ischemia are added:
- significant memory impairment;
- dizziness;
- severe headaches of different locations;
- blood pressure jumps;
- nausea, vomiting;
- fainting;
- a feeling of lack of air;
- rapid breathing;
- impaired sensitivity, vision and speech;
- motor disorders;
- emotional disorders.
In different patients, this pathology manifests itself in different ways, and it is impossible to determine it independently. To do this, it is necessary to conduct a number of diagnostic studies.
Diagnosis of cerebral ischemia
Symptoms of cerebral ischemia are similar to manifestations of other diseases. Therefore, for the accurate diagnosis, as well as for revealing the causes of the pathology and the degree of its progression, the following laboratory and instrumental studies are carried out:
- blood test;
- ophthalmoscopy;
- cardiac electrocardiogram;
- spondilography of the cervical department;
- triplex and duplex scanning of vessels;
- ultrasound dopplerography of the main head arteries;
- angiography of cerebral vessels, etc.
Danger of ischemia of the brain
Progressive failure of cerebral circulation leads to the formation of multiple small-focal necroses of brain tissue. This causes an inevitable dysfunction of the brain. The sooner the treatment of this pathology begins, the more chances for a successful outcome.
Treatment of cerebral ischemia
When the symptoms of cerebral ischemia are detected, appropriate treatment is prescribed after finding out the causes of the disease.
The main goal of therapeutic measures is to slow the progression of ischemic changes, as well as to prevent the development of acute ischemic stroke and other serious disturbances in vital processes.
As a rule, first of all, drug therapy is prescribed, which includes the administration of the following medications:
- funds that improve blood circulation;
- agents that improve rheological properties and fluidity of blood;
- drugs that affect the metabolic processes in the cells of the brain.
At the same time, medications that regulate blood pressure, normalize the lipid profile of blood, etc. can be prescribed.
In some cases, surgical intervention is required to restore the provision of the brain with blood,
In order to prevent cerebral ischemia, it is required to exclude the main risk factors for the development of pathology:
- bad habits;
- hypodynamia;
- obesity ;
- frequent stress.
It is also necessary to treat such diseases as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease in a timely manner.