More than half of the world's population suffers from various diseases of the stomach. Inflammatory processes on the mucous membranes of the internal surface of this organ lead to the formation of erosions and ulcers, which are accompanied by a violation of the integrity of small vessels. As a result, there is a gastric bleeding - a very dangerous condition, requiring emergency hospitalization and first aid measures.
Causes of onset of gastric bleeding
There are more than 100 diseases and conditions provoking the problem in question. Conditionally they are divided into such varieties:
- diseases of the stomach;
- Vascular pathology;
- bleeding disorders.
The most frequent causes of internal gastric bleeding from the first group of ailments:
- malignant tumors;
- peptic ulcer;
- diaphragmatic hernia;
- diverticulum of the stomach;
- Mallory-Weiss syndrome;
- polyps in the stomach ;
- stress ulcer;
- hemorrhagic gastritis.
Vascular diseases:
- nodular periarteritis;
- varicose veins of the upper part of the stomach and esophagus;
- hypertonic disease;
- purple Shonlyayna-Genocha;
- atherosclerosis of stomach vessels.
The third group of diseases that cause gastrointestinal bleeding includes:
- avitaminosis K;
- chronic and acute leukemia;
- hemophilia;
- hypoprothrombinemia;
- hemorrhagic diathesis.
Symptoms of gastric bleeding
To recognize the described pathology at an early stage is possible by general clinical manifestations of all internal bleeding:
- cold sweat on the skin;
- lethargy of limbs;
- weakness in the body;
- a strong decrease in blood pressure;
- noise in ears;
- pallor, cyanosis of the skin;
- dizziness;
- weak but frequent pulse;
- retardation of reactions;
- confusion of consciousness.
With intense hemorrhage and large losses of biological fluid, the patient may become unconscious.
Diagnose gastric bleeding easier by specific signs:
- Vomiting with impurities of blood. Outgoing masses in appearance resemble coffee grounds, since hemoglobin in erythrocytes is slightly curled by the action of hydrochloric acid from the juice in the stomach. Sometimes vomiting is accompanied by bright scarlet blood. In such cases, there is either a very strong arterial gastric bleeding, or it occurs in the lungs, esophagus.
- Blood in the feces. Fresh, red biological fluid in feces is characteristic of bleeding from the intestine . If the problem is in the stomach - the stool becomes a tarry consistency, almost black in color, called melena.
Despite such obvious symptoms, it is only the specialist who can determine the source of the hemorrhage.
Emergency care for gastric bleeding
Often the patient does not suspect about the considered condition, as hemorrhages are chronic and low-intensive. In such cases, the pathology is detected at a planned appointment with the gastroenterologist or already at a late stage, when the stool acquires the characteristics of melena, vomiting opens. But in the presence of even a few manifestations of severe bleeding from the stomach, it is important to immediately call the emergency team at home.
Prior to the arrival of medical personnel it is important to perform the following actions:
- Provide the victim with peace and strict bed rest.
- Open the windows, allowing free access to fresh air.
- Remove all clothing that constricts the body.
- Apply a cold object to the epigastric region, the ice in the package.
While waiting for doctors, it is forbidden to give any medicine, food, water or drinks to the patient.