Myopia - myopia - violation of the refraction of the eye. Images of subjects with myopia are focused not on the retina, as in people with 100% vision, but in front of it, so a person can see close and badly at a distance.
What causes myopia?
Myopia is most often diagnosed in younger schoolchildren, it increases in adolescence, with the onset of puberty, visual acuity stabilizes, and after 40-45 years begins to progress again. The causes of myopia are not completely clear to the end, but ophthalmologists have identified factors that have a negative impact on visual acuity . Among them:
- hereditary predisposition, primarily in the risk group are those people who have one and more so both parents are short-sighted;
- prolonged eye strain and improper lighting;
- deficiency in the body of nutrients, macro- and microelements, vitamins;
- displacement of the lens as a result of trauma.
Also, the cause of progressive myopia may be ignoring the initial symptoms of visual impairment or improper glasses and contact lenses. If the vision is incorrectly corrected or absent, the muscles of the eye overexert, and along with myopia, strabismus or amblyopia ("lazy eye syndrome") is often formed.
Prophylaxis of myopia
Based on knowledge of the main causes of myopia, it is easy to determine effective prevention measures. To avoid visual impairment, it is important to follow the following rules:
- Provide enough bright lighting in the room, where they read, write, participate in other activities related to the voltage of vision.
- To maintain the correct mode during the visual work. Thus, the minimum allowable distance from the eyes to the object, for example, a book or tablet, is 30 cm. In addition, with considerable eye strain
from time to time, take small breaks. - Do not read lying while driving in transport.
- It is necessary to include in the diet products containing the necessary nutrients for the eye, minerals and vitamins.
Attention! In order to prevent nearsightedness, especially in the winter-spring period, it is necessary to take vitamin-mineral complexes that contain vitamins of group B (B1, B2, B3, B6, B12) and vitamin C. Also for normal vision, magnesium, manganese, copper , zinc.