Brugmansiya - planting and care, important rules of cultivation

Many to decorate their homes choose tropical plants that are demanding in the care, but their beauty compensates for everything. Brugmansiya, planting and caring for which includes a number of important rules, is an evergreen shrub and it is famous for its unusual campanulate flowers.

What does brugmansy look like?

There are a number of facts that are used to describe this flower culture:

1. In the wild, shrubs grow to 5 m, and at home, low-grade varieties of brugmansii are used.
2. The leaves are large and have an oval shape and undulating margins. In length, they can reach up to 0.5 m.
3. The flowers are funnel-shaped and bell-shaped. They are elongated and large, so their diameter can reach up to 20 cm, and length - up to 50 cm. Depending on the variety buds can be painted in green, red, yellow, orange and cream shade. There are two- and three-color varieties. The aroma is pronounced and especially it intensifies by the evening. Many are interested in when blossoms blossom, and so you can enjoy the beauty and aroma of buds the next year after planting from July to December.
4. It is important to consider that the bush is poisonous, so it should be carefully transplanted and trimmed.

There are different types of bruggmansia, which differ in a greater degree in the appearance of flowers. Among the most common allocate these options:

1. "Scented" . Flowers reach a length of up to 30 cm, and they are painted in a white or pale yellow shade.
2. "Golden" . Buds in length also reach up to 30 cm, and they have a wide bend. There are all shades of yellow. The leaf plate is narrow in this class.
3. "Snow White" . Brugmansiya in height reaches 3 m. The length of the flowers is 25 cm and they are white. The leaves are velvety.
4. "Bloody" . This sort of bruggmansia, planting and caring for which is carried out according to the rules indicated below, is frost-resistant. Buds are painted in yellow, orange and red hue. It should be noted that the aroma is not as strong as in other varieties.
5. "Multicolored" . Among others, this species is distinguished by the longest buds, so they can reach up to 0.5 m. They are painted in a cream shade, but with age, it can become peach.

How correctly to plant бругмансию?

It is important to choose the right pot that will plant and grow the plant. You can use a stone or plastic container, but in the second case, make a hole in the bottom so that excess water comes out during irrigation. To develop well brugmansia, planting should be carried out in a spacious pot, as the root system grows rapidly.

Planting brugmansii seeds

The planting material must be fresh. It is important to consider that the seeds are dense, so the shoots will have to wait a long time. To grow brugmansiya of seeds at home, landing is implemented according to the following rules:

1. First, plant the planting material using a growth stimulant . To accelerate the process of germination, it is recommended to scratch the seeds first to break their shell.
2. Soak the soil thoroughly and pour it. The depth of planting of seeds should be 1 cm.
3. To germinate brugmansia, planting and care must include covering the container with film or glass to create a greenhouse condition. When the shoots appear, remove the shelter. Spray three times a day, but note that the soil should not be strongly moistened.
4. Brugmansiya grows quickly and picking in another pot must be done, after the appearance of the fifth real leaf.

How to plant brugmansiyu cuttings?

This variant is more common, as the plant grows faster and flowering occurs in the same year. There are rules how to plant brugmansiyu cuttings:

1. From the maternal shrub cut shoots, the length of which should not be more than 20 cm. Cut should be the apical cuttings with an asymmetric arrangement of the leaves.
2. Root in the prepared and disinfected soil. Cover the container with a bag or jar. In a couple of weeks, the leaves should appear and then remove the shelter.

Brugmansiya - growing at home

For this exotic houseplant great importance is good light and in the cold season without creating additional lighting can not do. In addition, it is hygrophilous, therefore requires moistened soil and air. The instructions on how to grow brugmansiyu, it is indicated that in the summer time, a pot can be put on a balcony, but it is preferable if it is an eastern or a western side. Optimal for good development is the temperature of 13-26 °.

Soil for brugmansii

To grow this flower culture, it is recommended to choose a nutrient substrate, which must also be drained to allow moisture to pass through. It is better to prepare the soil mixture by yourself, so the planting can be carried out in the soil, which includes two parts of peat and a part of loam and humus. Ready mixture is recommended to be treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection. If there is no way to make such a soil, then the plant brugmansiya can be planted in the store soil, but it should be diluted with compost .

How to care for brugmansia?

The rules of watering, pruning and fertilizing will be discussed below, but we should also pay attention to caring for the bush in the winter. At the end of autumn, the rest period begins, so you need to reduce the air temperature to 7-12 ° C. In order to "fall asleep" brugmansiya, care for her changes, which will include rare watering, but the feeding is completely excluded. Do not worry if a bush throws off a piece of paper, it's considered normal.

Fertilizers for brugmansii

For fertilizing the plant reacts well, and it is necessary to make them in the period, beginning with spring and until the end of summer. Add fertilizer every 7-10 days. From the fertilizer depends how strong and long will flowering. Even if the conditions of care and maintenance are no different during the year, in the winter and late autumn you do not need to use supplements. It remains to find out what to fertilize brugmansiyu, so you can use both liquid and solid fertilizers. It is better to alternate mineral and organic fertilizers, giving preference to phosphorus-potassium supplements.

Brugmansia in a pot - watering

Moistened soil is an important criterion for proper growth and development of the plant. If the earth dries up, leaves and flowers will fall off. To flourish brugmansiya, planting and care in the summer mean not only daily watering, but also spraying 2-3 times a day. At other times, irrigation should be carried out when the top layer of the soil dries. In order to grow well brugmansiya at home, you need to cut twice in winter time. When the batteries are on, remember to monitor the humidity, which should not be below 75%.

Brugmansiya transplantation

When the plant grows and the leaves begin to dry up, transplant it into a larger container, otherwise problems may occur. The new pot should be 5 cm wider than the previous one. Fill the tank with drain and a layer of suitable substrate. To properly grow the brugmannia flower before moving it to a new place, you need to remove a few lower branches to rejuvenate the bush. It only remains to insert the bush into the pot, add the full volume of soil and pour well.

Brugmansiya - pruning

If you want to see how the plant blooms, then the care must necessarily include pruning, which is implemented according to the rules:

1. The procedure should be in February or early March. If the seedling in the early stages of development did not have the upper growth point, then the first pruning is done only after the initial flowering.
2. Pruning must not touch the Y-shaped plugs.
3. When carrying out the correct care, the brugmannia flower should remain with small, knotty, lateral branches. They are allowed to be shortened only by 1/3.
4. Forming pruning is carried out only in order to slow growth.

Brugmansiya - reproduction

To get another plant, you can use several methods:

1. Cuttings. During the pruning, there are many branches that can become the basis for harvesting the planting material. Cutting brugmansii is best done by branches that have a knot with branching. Be sure to cut all the leaves. The end of the cut is sprinkled with "Kornevin" and deepened into a damp ground or put in water. When the roots appear, transplant into a good pot.
2. Air layers. To carry out this procedure, it is necessary to take a well-developed shoot on a one-year-old, on which an incision is made in the form of a wedge. The depth should not be greater than the trunk. Sprinkle this place with "Kornevin" and wrap it with wet sphagnum . Put a "sleeve" of polyethylene into the place of the cut and fasten it with elastic bands at each end. If the branch is sagging, then use the support. It is important that the moss is always wet, if it is dry, then use a syringe for moisturizing. After 1-1.5 months. rooting will take place and you can land.
3. Seeds. Planting seeds is no different from other plants. First, treat them with a growth stimulant. Brugmansiya will quickly grow up, the planting and care of which will include such procedures: shelter by a film, for creation of hothouse conditions, regular watering and periodic airing.

Illnesses of brugmansii and treatment

With improper care, you can face some pests and diseases, from which you need to get rid as quickly as possible, so that the flower does not die.

1. People who are interested in why brugmansii yellow leaves, should know that this can be a reaction to the action of a spider mite . In addition, they will still wither and twist. A clear sign is the presence of a web. To get rid of the pest, carry out 3-4 treatments with an acaricidal preparation. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to take the pot to fresh air, and if the heat is strong, spray the bush.
2. Brugmansiya, landing and care of which is carried out without compliance with the rules, can be affected by gray rot or powdery mildew . In this case, a white or gray coating appears on the leaves and buds. For treatment, treat the plant with a fungicide. The number of treatments is selected depending on the extent of damage, but there must be at least two.
3. When excessive watering and stagnation of the fluid develops root fungus rot. To cope with the disease, it is necessary to remove the affected roots and treat the flower with a fungicidal drug.