As is known, when fertilizing an egg, it is very important not only the number and mobility of male sex cells, but also their morphology, i.e. how they have an external structure. Only spermatozoa with a normal shape move rectilinearly, and with the speed necessary for fertilization. The different types of anomalies in the structure of the reproductive cells in men dramatically reduce the chances of fertilization. That is why, at times, the conception of a child by natural means is almost impossible.
What methods are used to determine the morphology of spermatozoa?
It should be noted that today there are 2 ways to determine whether the morphology of spermatozoa corresponds to the norm or not.
Thus, the first type of research involves evaluating the external structure of male germ cells according to the norms established by WHO. In this case, only the structure of the head itself is considered and the possible violations are established in it.
The second type is an evaluation of the morphology of spermatozoa according to Kruger, suggesting an analysis of the external structure of not only the head, but the entire sexual cell as a whole. It is precisely the result obtained as a result of such a study that allows one to draw conclusions regarding the fertility of a man.
As is known, spermatozoa with normal morphology have oval heads, a long wriggling tail. They actively move, while the direction of their movement is always straight. Spermatozoa with anomalous morphology have a larger or smaller head, a doubled tail, an irregular shape, etc.
Why and how is Kruger's morphology assessed?
This kind of research allows us to establish such a violation as teratozoospermia, which is characterized by a violation of the process of spermatogenesis, resulting in the formation of germ cells of anomalous structure. Quite often this disease is the cause of infertility in men.
Before improving the morphology of spermatozoa, specialists must determine exactly what the problem is. To do this, the Kruger analysis is assigned. To conduct it, the sampled ejaculate sample is stained with a special dye and then placed under a microscope. At the time of the study, at least 200 germ cells are counted, and counting is performed 2 times in one test. Normally, the sperm should have an oval head with a well-distinguishable acrosome (organoid in the front of the head), which should be 40-70% of the volume of the head itself. In the presence of defects in the neck, tail, head - the sexual cell refers to the pathological.
The interpretation of the analysis after evaluation of the morphology of spermatozoa is carried out exclusively by a specialist.
What if the result is not correct?
It should be noted that the results of the study on the evaluation of the morphology of germ cells do not always indicate pathological disorders that can not be corrected. Direct influence on the external aging of male sex cells can have such factors as stress, taking medications, etc. Therefore, if this happened, before the treatment, doctors prescribe a second study.
If the result of the repeated analysis is 4-14%, then the man will be able to carry out IVF.