The waterproofing of the cellar should be taken care of even at the construction stage, otherwise the walls of the cellar will begin to dampen , moisture will accumulate on them, and in cases of flooding, prolonged rains or a small removal of the room from any pond, it will be submerged by ground or meltwater. About the methods of waterproofing and used materials - in this article.
Waterproofing cellar outside
Protecting the room from moisture is necessary both outside and inside. In both cases, the following materials are used:
- building bitumen;
- polymeric and bituminous "cold" mastics;
- pasting materials in the form of rolls;
- mixtures based on cement and polymers of deep penetration.
To protect the premises from the outside, bitumen and mastic are used. In the first case, the surface is first cleared of debris, leveled, primed and covered with a waterproofing compound. If moisture acts on walls with a pressure of more than 0.1 MPa, the surface is covered with a roll-up waterproofing agent in several layers or with mastic. First put the mastic, then the roll material and then they alternate, and each fixed cloth is rolled with a roller. Waterproofing can be done with plaster based on astringent components, modifiers and other additives.
Waterproofing the cellar from the inside
It is carried out using the latest in the list of materials, and you can save without losing quality if you make a waterproofing of the cellar with liquid glass. To begin with, the bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of clay 100 mm, it is rammed, covered with a layer of sand of the same thickness, and the foundation is laid on it. On the perimeter, it is covered with sheets of roofing material or roofing, and after that they perform plastering, coating or overlapping waterproofing. On the brick walls apply a layer of plaster, and after a layer of mortar sand and cement with the addition of liquid glass.
If the walls are concrete, then they can not be plastered, but treated with a bituminous primer, and then apply bituminous bituminous material. The primer is applied in 2 layers, and after 4 hours the surface is covered with mastic as well in 2 layers. When it completely hardens, it is applied with a pasting of waterproofing with a ruberoid. The joints of the applied material are smeared with bitumen or mastic. The floor is also covered with a roofing felt, and afterwards they perform a sand-cement screed along the lighthouses.
Waterproofing cellar ceiling
The insulation of the room is carried out using extruded polystyrene foam, and if this is not possible, then it is not forbidden to replace it with polystyrene foam. As soon as the applied waterproofing layer dries, the foam is glued to the ceiling, and for better fixation fix dowels. After the heat insulator is reinforced with a mounting net. After the glue dries, the ceiling is painted. When condensation appears in the same way, the walls and the floor are insulated. An excellent option - the insulation of the ceiling with polyurethane foam, which does not require any preparatory work and application of a waterproofing layer.
After spraying it, a fiberglass mesh is laid over a special installation. In any case, it is necessary to organize the inflow and outflow of air into the room, that is, natural ventilation. In addition, at the planning stage get acquainted with the terrain, carefully study the features of the terrain and water saturation, and only then calculate the appropriate depth for the basement. Often, the external waterproofing is neglected, not taking into account that in this case the internal will be more difficult and more expensive.