A peptic ulcer now increasingly occurs in young people, despite the fact that according to medical theory, its "age" falls on 40-50 years. This is characteristic of diseases of the intestine - malnutrition, negative environmental factors and unhealthy general way of life lead over time to the fact that this body is constantly experiencing an attack with toxins, and its functions are violated.
In addition, one of the most widespread medical problems today is the genetic factor - many diseases, including ulcerous ones, arise from heredity.
Who is at risk?
Currently, ulcerative colitis occurs in about 100 people per 100,000 inhabitants - this is a relatively small figure, but it is gradually increasing.
The main culprits of ulcerative colitis are some scientists consider bacteria and viruses. It is not known to the end whether they play a significant role in the formation of ulcers, but gradually practice makes it possible to make sure that the violation of immune functions and the activation of unfavorable microflora leads to the formation of ulcers.
In addition, the frequent administration of NSAIDs, which have a negative effect on the mucosal state, also leads to ulcers.
Symptoms of ulcerative colitis of the intestine
The symptoms of ulcerative colitis are closely related to the pathological picture - the processes that occur in the tissues during the development of the disease.
Erosively ulcerative colitis is accompanied by edema and fullness of the mucosa. When the disease turns into a chronic form, there are manifestations that can reach even the muscle layer. In connection with the violation of the processes in the mucosa, inflammatory polyps appear in the lesion site - the islets of tissues that survived when it was destroyed. This is due to the pronounced regeneration of cells of glandular epithelium.
As a rule, the muscular membrane is not affected by the inflammatory process - it affects only the mucous layer, and is accompanied by the expansion of the capillaries in the stage of exacerbation.
A peptic ulcer does not affect the entire intestine, but, as a rule, affects the rectum. In the absence of treatment or the presence of adverse factors, inflammation spreads to other areas of the body.
Acute stage
A characteristic feature of the acute stage of ulcerative colitis is an increase in temperature to 38 degrees due to inflammation and intoxication. The pains are cramping and intensified after eating. Symptoms of ulcerative colitis are associated with a violation of the stool - mostly diarrhea , but with a lesion of the large intestine, constipation is possible.
Bleeding is typical for both acute and chronic stages. During an exacerbation, a person is acutely aware of weakness, obvious weight loss, as well as pain in the anus.
In severe form, the stool can be up to 20 times a day.
Chronic stage
Periodic bleeding, pain and a loose liquid stool with impurities of mucus and blood are characteristic of the chronic phase of the disease. Decreased appetite, pain in the left side of the abdomen, as well as false desires for defecation become frequent symptoms of chronic form.
Symptoms of colitis ulcerative colitis and complications
Specific ulcerative colitis can have serious consequences, which have a greater risk of developing during an acute ulcerative colitis, the symptoms of which can endanger life.
For example, the rupture of the intestinal wall is one of the most dangerous symptoms, which may necessitate surgical intervention.
Because of the formation of polyps , narrowing of the intestinal lumen is possible, which subsequently leads to its increased load and increases the risk of rupture of the wall.
Because of stagnant processes and general organ failure, fistulas and abscesses are likely. Also, doctors consider intestinal bleeding as one of the complications of the disease.