To determine the general picture of the state of human health, a blood test is performed. This method is quite reliable and allows you to learn a lot about the specialist. In the general analysis, the percentage of different types of leukocytes is counted. Thus, if segmented neutrophils are increased, this may indicate the presence of serious diseases requiring immediate treatment.
What is segmented neutrophils?
Their name is given to the cells due to the segments of which the core is composed. These segments, the number of which in the nucleus can range from two to five, allow the leukocytes to move to various organs. When ingested in the tissues of the body determine the presence of alien organisms and, absorbing them, eliminate.
In the peripheral blood are the rod-shaped leukocytes, which represent the initial stage of the development of segmented nuclear bodies. The length of stay in the blood of mature cells of neutrophils is greater, because their percentage is higher than immature cells.
However, the analysis takes into account the deviation of the content of both of these neutrophils. Because their decrease may indicate a fairly serious disease.
Segmented neutrophils and leukocytes are increased
All neutrophils are divided into stabnuclear and segment-nuclear. Normally, the number of stabs is 1-6%, and segment-nucleated - 70%. The function of cells is to protect a person from alien organisms, viruses and microbes. Neutrophils have the ability to move to the focus of inflammation. The process of increasing the number of neutrophils is called neutrophilia.
As a rule, with neutrophilia, segmented and stab neutrophils are increased in an adult. Sometimes immature myelocyte cells appear in the blood. The appearance of such cells and simultaneous increase in neutrophils leads to a shift of white blood cells to the left, which is often accompanied by the appearance of toxigenic granularity in them. This phenomenon occurs when the body is infected with various infections, the presence of inflammation, as well as with infarction and shock conditions.
Segmented neutrophils are increased - the causes
When segmented cells in the blood are elevated, this may indicate the presence in the body of an acute infectious disease, the presence of a malignant tumor or intoxication, which is characterized by the accumulation of microbes and products of their activities.
The change in blood composition may indicate:
- the development of infections (spirochetosis, mycosis, tick-borne encephalitis);
- the existence of tumors, leg diseases;
- Nephropathy and disruption of the urinary system;
- processes of inflammation with gout, arthritis, rheumatism, pancreatitis, tissue damage;
- increase in blood sugar.
Segmented nuclei are elevated, and lymphocytes are reduced
A situation is possible in which the number of neutrophils is reduced, and the number of lymphocytes is increased. This phenomenon is called lymphopenia, and it develops mainly because of renal insufficiency, the development of acute infectious pathologies, the chronic course of infections, X-ray therapy, radiation treatment, the terminal stage of cancer, after aplastic anemia, and after prolonged use of cytotoxic agents. The change in the concentration of lymphocytes also indicates the appearance of leukemia, the cause of which was trauma, on the occurrence of malignant tumors.
In addition, the reasons for the increased number of segmented cells can be the physiological changes associated with prolonged stress, premenstrual syndrome and overexertion.