According to medical statistics, more than 50% of women in adulthood are ill with thyroiditis, a chronic pathology of the thyroid gland, characterized by the destruction of its cells. The consequence of this pathology is autoimmune hypothyroidism, which develops in almost every patient. Until now, precise mechanisms and causes of the progression of this disease are unknown, which complicates its treatment.
What is an autoimmune thyroid hypothyroidism?
The destruction of normal tissues of the endocrine organ occurs due to an aggressive reaction of immunity. He actively produces specific antibodies that perceive thyroid cells as foreign and provoke destructive changes in them.
As a result of the described process, a significant reduction in the functions and activity of the thyroid gland or hypothyroidism begins. The development of pathology is accompanied by a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones.
Symptoms of autoimmune hypothyroidism
Characteristic signs of the disease:
- mood instability, depression;
- dry skin;
- increased fatigue, weakness;
- menstrual cycle disorders;
- swelling;
- decreased ability to memorize and concentrate;
- dullness and brittle hair , nails;
- blood pressure jumps;
- dyspeptic disorders;
- an increase in the concentration of cholesterol in the blood ;
- interruptions in the rhythm and work of the heart;
- deterioration of sleep;
- weight gain.
The clinical picture of the disease is fuzzy, as it develops very slowly and is almost imperceptible to the patient.
Is it possible to cure autoimmune hypothyroidism?
The thyroid gland is an organ with amazing regeneration abilities, with at least 5% of healthy tissue it can restore its functions.
Therefore, the prognosis for autoimmune hypothyroidism is quite favorable. Exceptions are cases of persistent and severe form of the disease with a rapid development of symptoms and an increase in the thyroid gland.
Treatment of autoimmune hypothyroidism
Therapy is a substitute, it is aimed at restoring and maintaining a normal concentration of thyroid hormones in the blood.
The following drugs are prescribed:
- Triiodothyronine;
- L-thyroxine;
- Thyroidine;
- Levothyroxine;
- Eutiroks;
- Thyroxine.
In addition, the endocrinologist can recommend the reception of funds based on selenium.
With accompanying unpleasant manifestations of pathology, the symptomatic treatment necessary for the normalization of pressure, mental state, digestion and other indicators is carried out.
Rarely lifelong therapy with levothyroxine or surgical removal of thyroid tissue is rarely required.