Rupture of uterus

Rupture of the uterus is a mechanical damage to its walls, leading to a breach of integrity. It is one of the most common and serious complications that occur both during pregnancy and during the birth process. Untimely recognition and diagnosis of uterine rupture in more than 93% of cases results in the death of the mother in childbirth. The complication to date is extremely rare, and is less than 1% of all births.

Classification of uterine ruptures

Depending on the time when there is a rupture of the uterus, the following are distinguished:

• uterine rupture that occurs during pregnancy;
• uterine rupture, developed during childbirth;
• spontaneous rupture of the uterus.

The first type of complications occurs more often, and is about 10% of all uterine ruptures. During labor the rupture of the uterus can occur in the first or second period of the birth process. This is easily explained by the fact that it is at this time that the uterus experiences the greatest pressure on its walls.

According to clinical manifestations, the following forms of complications are distinguished:

1. Threatening rupture of the uterus. Occurs when during an advance of the fetus along the ancestral path an obstacle arises that does not allow the head to move further.
2. The beginning of the gap.
3. The ruptured uterus.

Causes of uterine rupture

The main reasons for the rupture of the uterus are:

1. Narrow pelvis of a woman. It is observed in cases when the capacity of the maternal pelvis does not correspond to the size of the head of the fetus.
2. Incorrect insertion of the fetal head into the pelvis of the woman in childbirth. An example of such violations can be previa on an extensor type.
3. Tumor of reproductive organs. A rupture can occur with a disease such as uterine fibroids , located in the neck or in the lower part of the uterus.
4. Rough scars. Often during the birth process, a complication such as a rupture of the uterus along the scar may occur. About 90% of all gaps occur precisely on the cicatrix present on the cervix or on the walls of the vagina. Changes in the myometrium of the histopathic character occupy the first place, among the possible causes of uterine rupture.
5. Frequent abortions in a woman's history. The matter is that during abortion the scraping of the fetus is made, and as a result, the basal layer of the uterus is involuntarily damaged.

Signs of a gap

In order to detect the presence of a uterine rupture in time, during the current pregnancy the woman should know the following symptoms accompanying this complication:

• nausea;
• vomiting;
• pains that are localized primarily in the epigastric region, to the right, which is why many confuse this complication with an inflammation of the appendix.

Any pregnancy that occurs after the uterus rupture must be constantly monitored by a doctor.