Hyperglycemia - Symptoms

Hyperglycemia is a syndrome in which there is an increase in serum glucose (more than 6-7 mmol / l).

Types of hyperglycemia

This condition is temporary or prolonged (persistent). Temporary hyperglycemia may be associated with the following factors:

• excessive consumption of carbohydrates;
• stresses, emotional outbursts (stress hyperglycemia);
• profuse blood loss;
• painful syndromes, in which there is a significant increase in the intake of thyroxine and adrenaline in the blood;
• hypovitaminosis of vitamins C, B1;
• pregnancy;
• poisoning with carbon oxides;
• hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex .

Persistent hyperglycemia is associated with disorders of the neuro-endocrine regulation in carbohydrate metabolism.

Chronic hyperglycemia most often occurs in the case of diabetes and is its main characteristic.

People with diabetes have two main types of hyperglycemia:

1. Fasting hyperglycemia - the glucose level rises after fasting for at least 8 hours.
2. Afternoon hyperglycemia - the level of glucose rises after eating.

By severity, hyperglycemia is distinguished:

• insignificant (glucose level from 6 to 10 mmol / l);
• medium-heavy (10 -16 mmol / l);
• heavy (more than 16 mmol / l).

Signs of hyperglycaemia

A significant increase in the level of glucose in the blood can lead to anterior or coma. In order to take timely measures to reduce glucose concentration, you should be able to determine the onset of this condition. Symptoms of hyperglycemia are as follows:

• sudden excessive thirst;
• dry mouth ;
• frequent urination;
• deterioration of vision;
• increased fatigue;
• headache;
• increased sweating;
• decreased concentration of attention;
• impaired consciousness;
• irritability, aggression;
• chills;
• dryness and itching of the skin;
• arrhythmia;
• the smell of acetone from the mouth;
• loss of body weight.

First aid for symptoms of hyperglycemia

When revealing the first signs of an increase in glucose levels, it is necessary:

1. Insulin-dependent patients, first of all, should measure the glucose level and, if exceeded, make an injection of insulin, drink a large amount of liquid; then every two hours to measure the concentration of glucose and injections before the normalization of the indicator.
2. To neutralize the increased acidity in the stomach, you need to eat more fruits and vegetables, and also drink in large quantities an alkaline mineral water.
3. To remove acetone from the body should wash the stomach with a solution of soda.
4. To replenish the liquid, you must constantly wipe the skin with a damp towel.