Benzylpenicillin sodium salt is a compound that is a sodium salt of benzylpenicillic acid, which is produced by some kinds of mold fungi. This drug belongs to the antibiotics of the penicillin series.
Form of production of benzylpenicillin sodium salt
The drug is a fine powder, designed to produce a solution. Benzylpenicillin sodium salt is produced in vials of 1,000,000 - 100,000 units of active substance. Drug solutions are used for systemic effects on the body (often intramuscularly), the effects on organs and tissues that the drug can penetrate through the blood, and also as a means of local exposure. Benzylpenicillin sodium salt is not administered orally, because easily destroyed by the action of gastric juice.
The mechanism of action of benzylpenicillin sodium salt
The drug has a bactericidal effect on sensitive microorganisms, which are in the stage of reproduction, and does not affect cells that are at rest. At the same time, intracellularly located bacteria are also inhibited, and the bactericidal effect is observed even at very low drug concentrations.
Benzylpenicillin sodium salt after intramuscular injection quickly penetrates into the blood, from where it spreads into internal organs, tissues and liquids and remains there for a long time. In the largest quantities, the drug is found in the kidneys, liver, lungs, lymph nodes, spleen, in lower concentrations - in muscle tissue, pancreas, thyroid gland, skin. Poor penetration of the drug into the cartilage and bone tissue, cerebrospinal fluid.
This antibiotic is active against the following microorganisms:
- Gram-positive bacteria (pneumococci, streptococci, staphylococci, diphtheria pathogens, etc.);
- Gram-negative microbes (gonococci, meningococci);
- anaerobic spore-forming sticks;
- spirochaetes;
- actinomycetes and others.
Resistant to the action of benzylpenicillin sodium salt are some Gram-negative microorganisms (klebsiella, brucella), rickettsia, protozoa, viruses, almost all fungi, as well as strains of staphylococci that produce the enzyme penicillinase. Weak activity is observed with regard to intestinal bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
The use of benzylpenicillin sodium salt
Often, the drug is prescribed for the treatment of lower respiratory tract diseases, wound infections, diseases of the ENT organs, genitourinary infections, septic endocarditis, eye diseases, syphilis, inflammation of the spinal cord and brain and other diseases that are caused by sensitive microbes.
The duration of treatment is determined by the nature and course of the pathology. If after 2 - 3 days after the start of therapy there is no effect, they switch to the use of other antibiotics.
How to dilute benzylpenicillin sodium salt?
The dilution of benzylpenicillin sodium salt is carried out immediately before use. With intramuscular, intracavitary and subcutaneous injection, the drug is diluted with water for injection, saline or a solution of novocaine.
For intravenous jet injection of benzylpenicillin, the sodium salt is dissolved in water for injection or saline solution. Before intravenous drip introduction, the drug is diluted with glucose solution or saline solution. Endolumbral administration also
For inhalation use, the benzylpenicillin powder of the sodium salt is dissolved in distilled water or saline solution.
Contraindications benzylpenicillin sodium salt:
- increased sensitivity to benzylpenicillin, as well as other drugs from the group of penicillins and cephalosporins;
- epilepsy (endolumbral administration);
- pregnancy and lactation;
- acute allergic reactions.