Pre-eclampsia refers to diseases of the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and is associated with impaired vascular wall permeability under the influence of toxins and with impaired renal function when the ureter is squeezed by a growing fetus.
Pre-eclampsia of pregnant women - symptoms
Pre-eclampsia refers to late pregnancy gestosis. Symptoms of pre-eclampsia are a triad of symptoms: swelling, the presence of protein in the urine and increased blood pressure.
Preeclampsia has 3 degrees of severity:
- pre-eclampsia mild (protein in the urine up to 1 g / l, swelling only on the legs, and pressure increased to 150/90 mm Hg);
- moderate (moderate) preeclampsia (protein in the urine from 1 to 3 g / l, edema on the legs and abdomen, pressure increased to 100/170 mm Hg);
- severe preeclampsia (protein in the urine is more than 3 g / l, pressure is increased more than 100/170 mm Hg, swelling spreads to the whole body, including the face).
Pre-eclampsia of pregnant women - treatment
Treatment of preeclampsia directly depends on the degree of severity and is aimed at preventing complications for the mother and child. Pre-eclampsia of mild degree in pregnant women usually does not require medical treatment and it is often enough to limit the amount of liquid and salt consumed, provide adequate nutrition, rest and exercise.
At a pre-eclampsia of average severity prescribe medicamental treatment:
- sedatives;
- drugs that reduce blood pressure;
- desensitizing agents;
- drugs that strengthen the walls of blood vessels;
- drugs that improve metabolism in the myocardium;
- with pronounced swelling - infusion of drugs such as rheopolyglucin, plasma, albumin;
- antiaggregant drugs (reducing blood clotting);
- enterosorbents;
- antioxidants;
- assistance in the violation of uteroplacental blood flow due to pre-eclampsia (a complex of drugs for the prevention of fetal hypoxia ).
If severe preeclampsia is diagnosed, emergency care is needed to rapidly lower blood pressure and prevent the onset of seizures. When first aid is given and the duration of pregnancy allows, pre-eclampsia can be recommended for emergency delivery, including cesarean delivery.
Prevention of preeclampsia
The prevention of this disease includes taking aspirin in small (antiaggregant) doses, the use of calcium and magnesium preparations, a diet rich in these microelements. But any medicine for the treatment and prevention of disease can be prescribed only by a doctor. Pre-eclampsia after childbirth is over, and treatment after delivery is no longer prescribed. Only in the early postpartum period is it necessary to monitor a woman and control blood pressure because of the possibility of eclampsia.