If you have swollen and sore gums at the end of the lower jaw, this indicates an inflammatory process. In this case, you need to get to the dentist as soon as possible to find out the causes of inflammation and the appointment of an adequate treatment. There are many factors that can provoke such symptoms, and the most probable of them will be considered further.
Causes of pain in the gums at the end of the lower jaw
Periodontitis
If there are symptoms such as swelling and redness of the gums, bleeding, soreness, it can talk about a fairly common disease - periodontitis. With this pathology, the inflammatory process affects the gum tissue that surrounds and holds the tooth. Progression of the disease leads to suppuration, loosening and loss of teeth. The main cause of periodontitis is the development of a bacterial infection in the oral cavity on the background of:
- weakening of immunity;
- beriberi ;
- insufficient hygiene of the oral cavity;
- formation of dental calculi, etc.
Periostitis
In the case when the gum is inflamed at the end of the jaw, there is hyperemia and soreness, as well as swelling of the cheek and chin, an increase in the submaxillary lymph nodes, and possibly the development of periostitis. This disease consists in the course of the infectious-inflammatory process in the tissues of the periosteum. Most often, the pathology affects the lower jaw. It is also possible to increase the body temperature and the appearance of a headache. Provoke periostitis can both odontogenic infections (caries, periodontitis, pulpitis , etc.), and non-dodontogenic factors:
- lympho- and hematogenous (otitis media, tonsillitis, measles, etc.);
- traumatic (surgical interventions, wounds, etc.).
Periodontitis
A common cause of pain and swelling of the gums is the inflammation of the ligamentous apparatus of the tooth, which consists of connective tissue. This process is called periodontitis and is caused most often by the transition of infection from neighboring tissues (mainly due to caries). Also, inflammation can be caused by mechanical injuries to the tooth and penetration of some potent medicines into the tissues. A characteristic symptom of the disease is hypersensitivity and pain when pressing on the tooth.
Pericoronite
When redness, swelling and pain in the gums appear at the end of the lower jaw, we can assume the development of pericoronitis. This pathology is an inflammation of soft gum tissue surrounding the incising tooth. This often happens with the growth of wisdom teeth. With this inflammation, not only does the gum hurt, but it also becomes painful to swallow, open mouth, talk, and general well-being may also worsen. The main cause of pericoronitis is a lack of space for the incision tooth.
Tumors of the jaw
The cause of the pain and swelling of the gums at the end of the jaw can be a tumor. There are many varieties of tumors of the lower jaw, among which are benign and cancerous, affecting various tissues - soft, connective or bone, etc. The main factors provoking the formation and growth of jaw tumors are traumas and long-term inflammatory
Treatment for pain in the gums at the end of the jaw
Methods of treatment are determined by the type of disease and the causes that caused it. In many cases, problems with the gums require removal of tooth deposits from the teeth, as well as the use of local antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In more severe cases, it may be necessary to use antibiotics for oral administration, as well as surgical treatment.