Logical operations that make up the structure of thinking distinguish it from other processes that occur in the human brain every second.
Logical forms of thinking in psychology
The basic forms of logical thinking include:
- inferences;
- judgments;
- concepts.
1. Due to the first form, the individual is able, based only on certain judgments, to draw a conclusion. In turn, the conclusion is divided into:
- Inductive (it is a conclusion based on logic, with the help of thinking from one to the whole, the general one.) A striking example is the physical laws, because many scientists study the phenomena through a small number of experiments);
- by analogy (apply when there are judgments about the characteristics of a particular object by looking for similar properties with the rest.) For example, "wooden desk" and "wooden stool" have more than one common feature.
- deductive (reasoning from the whole to the singular.) An example is Sherlock Holmes's speculation).
2. Judgment reflects the relationship of events, phenomena and objects. It is expressed in affirmative or negative form and in this case reasoning acts as the basic form of logical thinking. It happens:
- true (meaning reality - "snow white");
- false (goes against the real facts: "apple - plant").
3. The concept inherent in reflecting the signs, the relationship of objects, events. Expressed with the help of words or wordgroups. Are divided into:
- specific (this kind of form of logical thinking describes one, a number of subjects and this description applies only to an individual object);
- abstract (affects the general description of an individual property).