FEMP in the second junior group

Children 3-4 years old, unlike pupils of the middle group of the kindergarten, do not yet study the account. They learn other, basic categories of mathematics - quantity, size, form, and also learn to navigate in space and in time. For this purpose, in the 2nd younger group, classes on FEMP are held (this abbreviation stands for "the formation of elementary mathematical representations"). Such lessons help each child to move to a new stage of development, improving their thinking . For FEMP work, educators usually use the methods listed below.

Features of FEMP in the second younger group

The work is conducted in several directions, and orientation classes alternate with didactic games on the classification of subjects. All lessons are held only in a game form: you need to make sure that the children are really interesting to do, and for this they must perceive learning as a fun and exciting game.

1. Amount. Children are trained to find in a group of several objects a feature that unites them (triangular shape, green color). Also, the skills of grouping by color, size, etc. are promoted, comparison by quantity (which is more, which is less). As already mentioned, the numbers are not talking yet, so the answer to the question "How much?" Children answer with the words "one", "none", "many".
2. To study the shape of objects , not only sight, but also touch is actively used. To do this, a suitable didactic material and three-dimensional figures (triangle, circle and square) are useful. Since all the figures are completely different in appearance, a comparative analysis is used.
3. The methods of application and imposition are the main ones in the study of the concept of quantity. Kids learn to compare objects using such concepts as "big", "small", "narrow", "long", etc. It is important to teach children to understand whether objects are the same or different in height, length, width and overall size.
4. Orientation in time. The knowledge of this concept in the lessons of FEMP in the second younger group consists in the study of the didactical card file on this topic. But practice shows that children are more effective in developing the orientation in time during everyday kindergarten life: morning (breakfast, gymnastics, lessons), day (lunch and quiet time), evening (afternoon snack, home care).
5. Orientation in space. The main goal of FEMP in the second junior group is to help children remember and distinguish right and left hands. Also, spatial directions "ahead - behind", "below - above" are gradually mastered.

The results of the FEMP lessons in the junior group

As a rule, the quality of the work of the educator is estimated at the end of the year according to the knowledge and skills received by the children. In particular, by the end of the school year in the second junior group, each child usually knows how:

• differentiate the concepts of "one - many", "more - less", "as much", finding examples in the environment;
• understand the difference in words "long - short", "low - high", etc .;
• group objects (balls, cubes) in size, color and shape;
• compare two objects in shape and size (large or small, wide or narrow, high or low, round or square);
• to know the basic geometric figures not only visually, but also by their properties (for example, this shape has angles or a round shape);
• to distinguish the contrasting parts of the day: morning and evening, day and night.

However, do not forget that every child has its own pace of development, and he does not have to have absolutely all the above skills. In addition, some children can only understand and show, for example, the difference in the form of objects, and others - to voice it, confidently using the right words.