The panel of informative oncomarkers consists of more than 20 items, some of which are sensitive only to male oncological diseases, for example, prostate cancer. Therefore, special markers for women are offered in the laboratory, which allow us to identify not only common pathologies, but also specific types of gynecological malignant neoplasms.
What are oncomarkers for women?
Usually, an established set of protein compounds is proposed for the primary diagnosis of female cancer.
Basic oncomarkers for women:
- SCC. Used for early detection of carcinoma of the cervix , ear and nasopharynx. More rarely, the test reacts to non-small cell carcinoma and squamous cell lung carcinoma.
- CA 125. It is found in ovarian cancer.
- CA 15-3. Evidence of breast cancer with metastases. In the late stages of the progression of ovarian carcinoma, endometrial and cervical tumors, lungs, the indicator also increases.
- ISA. It is intended for monitoring and diagnosis of breast cancer.
- CA 72-4. It is prescribed for suspected ovarian, lung or stomach cancer.
- NCE. It is investigated in neuroblastomas, small cell lung cancer, leukemia .
- REA. It is prescribed for early diagnosis of malignant tumors of the rectum, large intestine. Provides confirmation of cancer of the lungs, mammary glands, other digestive organs.
- CA 19-9. It is found in pancreatic cancer oncology. The test is quite sensitive to neoplasms in the stomach, intestines, lungs, gall bladder and its ducts.
- CYFRA 21-1. Used for early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer, bladder carcinoma.
- HCG. It is used to detect many types of tumors. In particular, hCG appears in the blood in cancer of the ovaries, uterus, stomach, kidneys, large and small intestine, liver, bladder drift and choriocarcinoma.
- AFP. The analysis is necessary for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, germinoma. It is prescribed for suspected defects in the fetal development of the fetus, allows to detect Down's syndrome, abnormal formation of the abdominal wall, neural tube.
What exactly oncomarkers from the listed it is necessary to hand over to women solves only the attending physician. It is not advisable to investigate blood for the presence of all protein compounds, since it is important to detect specific types of glycoproteins in order to establish the diagnosis.
The norm of oncomarkers for women
The results of the analysis of the cancer profile allow not only to confirm or deny suspicions of cancer, but also to track how well the chosen treatment regimen works.
The norm of oncomarkers in the blood of women:
- SCC - 0-2.5 ng / ml;
- CA 125 - up to 30 IU / ml;
- CA 15-3 - no more than 22 IU / ml;
- MSA - does not exceed 11 IU / ml;
- CA 72-4 - 0 to 4 IU / ml;
- NCE - up to 15 ng / ml;
- REA - 0-5 ng / ml;
- CA 19-9 - no more than 30 IU / ml;
- CYFRA 21-1 - border: 2.3 ng / ml;
- HCG - up to 5 IU / ml;
- AFP - 0-5 IU / ml.
How to take oncomarkers for women?
The rules for donating blood for oncommonitoring consist in the fact that it is necessary to come for an analysis on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning. FROM
An analysis of which tumor markers a woman needs to be given for prevention?
Given the specificity of the type of study examined, it is never prescribed for prophylactic purposes. The fact is that oncomarkers are present in the biological fluids of even absolutely healthy women. Therefore, do not just expose the nervous system to stress and check for the risk of developing cancer. Oncoscreening is designed to confirm an already diagnosed diagnosis, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of chemotherapy, radiation.