Artificial abortion is the deliberate termination of pregnancy on terms up to 28 weeks. At the request of a woman, abortion can be carried out only up to a 12-week period, and from 13 to 28 weeks - for medical and social indications.
Indications for abortion
Medical indications include serious diseases of the mother: severe heart disease, kidney, liver, thyroid gland, tuberculosis, mental disorders, tumors. This includes improper intrauterine development of the fetus and conditions that are dangerous for the mother's life: ectopic pregnancy, adverse effects during the course of pregnancy (rubella, radiation), severe forms of toxicosis, malformations or death of the fetus.
Contraindications
These include inflammation of the genitals, infectious and purulent processes. These conditions need to be cured before making an artificial abortion. Do not interrupt pregnancy if the previous abortion was less than 6 months ago.
Types of abortion
The method depends on the period of pregnancy.
- At terms up to 3 weeks, vacuum-aspiration of the fetus is carried out. Most often, under local anesthesia, the fetal egg is aspirated using a cannula and negative pressure.
- Before 6-7 weeks of pregnancy, medical abortion is done. It excludes surgical intervention and is done with the help of drugs.
- The term of 5-12 weeks involves the removal of the fetal egg and the scraping of the uterine cavity. Under intravenous anesthesia through the vagina expand the entrance to the uterus and the surgical spoon (curette) scrape the contents.
- At a later date (13-28 weeks), "artificial birth" is carried out. The hypertensive saline solution is poured into the fetal bladder, the uterus contracts and the fetus is expelled outward. Cesarean section is also not excluded.
Effects of induced abortions
Complications of artificial abortions are divided into early and late.
Early:
- injury and perforation of the walls of the uterus;
- bleeding;
- incomplete removal of the fetal egg;
- infectious complications.
Late:
- infertility and miscarriage;
- risk of endometriosis, uterine fibroids;
- ectopic pregnancy ;
- violation of menstrual function.