Anovulatory cycle is a single-phase menstrual cycle, which is characterized by the absence of ovulation in the presence of regular menstrual-like bleeding. Unlike the ovulatory menstrual cycle, the ovary follicle, which has reached the stage of maturity, does not release the egg into the abdominal cavity. As a result, the follicle undergoes reverse development (atresia), which leads to a decrease in the level of hormones and the development of menstrual bleeding.
Anovulatory cycle - symptoms
Sometimes the anovulatory cycle may not outwardly differ from the normal cycle, but in some cases it may cause a change in the character of menstruation. As a result of the fact that the menstrual cycle proceeds without the formation of a yellow body, and the proliferative phase does not come after the secretory, anovulation can be accompanied by the absence of menstruation, its rare manifestations or abundant uterine bleeding. Also, the presence of the anovulatory cycle is confirmed by a monophasic graph of the basal temperature, which remains constant throughout the menstrual cycle. In addition, the absence of changes in the discharge in women in the middle of the cycle can also be a sign of the anovulatory cycle.
Anovulatory cycle - causes
- hormonal disorders (excess prolactin, testosterone, etc.);
- genetic pathology;
- polycystic ovary;
- dysfunction of the ovaries;
- delay in sexual development;
- violations in the work of the reproductive system;
- the period of the menstrual cycle in the adolescent;
- menopause.
Most often, anovulation occurs in the period of age-related restructuring of the body - the period of puberty, climax. In these cases, the anovulatory cycle has a physiological character and does not require treatment. In addition, as a natural phenomenon can be observed during pregnancy and postpartum lactation. In women of childbearing age, these disorders can occur as a result of constant stress, malnutrition, certain diseases or intoxication. Pathological is the condition when the anovulatory cycle takes a systematic character, as well as with uterine bleeding. The absence of ovulation can cause a woman to develop anovulatory infertility.
How to determine the anovulatory cycle?
One of the most accurate methods for determining anovulation is the measurement of basal temperature. With normal ovulation under the influence of the hormone of the yellow body of progesterone, the temperature in the large intestine rises to 37-37.2 degrees, which persists until the onset of menstruation. As a result of the absence of the formation of a yellow body during the anovulatory cycle, the basal temperature remains unchanged. Also, signs of anovulation can be identified as a result of a study of blood on the level of female sex hormones in different phases of the menstrual cycle. In addition, the diagnosis can be made on the basis of a transvaginal ultrasound examination or as a result of curettage of the uterine mucosa and examination of scrapings.
Anovulatory cycle - treatment
Menstrual cycle disorders are treated by gynecologists and endocrinologists. The choice of method of treatment depends on the results of the examination, the duration of the disease, the patient's age and
- stop anovulatory bleeding (if any);
- the appointment of hormonal drugs for the positive correction of hormonal disorders and the restoration of the normal menstrual cycle;
- Preparations for stimulating ovulation are prescribed to restore fertility.
In addition to the basic treatment, the attending physician can prescribe physiotherapy procedures, which include mud therapy and gynecological massage.